Description
Powerful generator of DNS traffic, sending and receiving packets through XDP.
Queries are generated according to a textual file which is read sequentially
in a loop until a configured duration elapses. The order of queries is not
guaranteed. Responses are received (unless disabled) and counted, but not
checked against queries.
The number of parallel threads is autodetected according to the number of queues
configured for the network interface.
Parameters
- filename
- Path to the queries file. See the description below regarding the file format.
- target
- Either the domain name, IPv4 or IPv6 address of a remote target.
Options
- -t, –duration seconds
- Duration of traffic generation, specified as a decimal number in seconds
(default is 5.0).
- -T, –tcp[=debug_mode]
- Send queries over TCP. See the list of optional debug modes below.
- -U, –quic[=debug_mode]
- Send queries over QUIC. See the list of optional debug modes below.
- -Q, –qps queries
- Number of queries-per-second (approximately) to be sent (default is 1000).
The program is not optimized for low speeds at which it may lose
communication packets. The recommended minimum speed is 2 packets per thread
(Rx/Tx queue).
- -b, –batch size
- Send more queries in a batch. Improves QPS but may affect the counterpart’s
packet loss (default is 10 for UDP and 1 for TCP/QUIC).
- -r, –drop
- Drop incoming responses. Improves QPS, but disables response statistics.
- -p, –port number
- Remote destination port (default is 53 for UDP/TCP, 853 for QUIC).
- -F, –affinity cpu_spec
- CPU affinity for all threads specified in the format [<cpu_start>][s<cpu_step>],
where <cpu_start> is the CPU ID for the first thread and <cpu_step> is the
CPU ID increment for next thread (default is 0s1).
- -i, –infile filename
- Path to a file with query templates.
- -I, –interface interface
- Network interface for outgoing communication. This can be useful in situations
when the interfaces are in a bond for example.
- -l, –local localIP[/prefix]
- Override the auto-detected source IP address. If an address range is specified
instead, various IPs from the range will be used for different queries uniformly
(address range not supported in the QUIC mode).
- -L, –mac-local
- Override auto-detected local MAC address.
- -R, –mac-remote
- Override auto-detected remote MAC address.
- -v, –vlan id
- Add VLAN 802.1Q header with the given id. VLAN offloading should be disabled.
- -e, –edns-size size
- EDNS UDP payload size, range 512-4096 (default is 1232). Note that over XDP
the maximum supported MTU is 1790.
- -m, –mode mode
Set the XDP mode. Supported values are:
- auto (default) – the XDP mode is selected automatically to achieve
the best performance, which means that native driver support is preferred
over the generic one, and zero-copy is used if available.
- copy – the XDP socket copy mode is forced even if zero-copy
is available. This can resolve various driver issues, but at the cost
of lower performance.
- generic – the generic XDP implementation is forced even if native
implementation is available. This mode doesn’t require support from the
driver nor hardware, but offers the worst performance.
- -G, –qlog path
Generate qlog files in the directory specified by path. The directory
has to exist.
This option is ignored if not in the QUIC mode. The recommended usage is
with –quic=R or with low QPS. Otherwise, too many files are generated.
- -h, –help
- Print the program help.
- -V, –version
- Print the program version.
TCP/QUIC debug modes
- 0
- Perform full handshake for all connections (QUIC only).
- 1
- Just send SYN (Initial) and receive SYN-ACK (Handshake).
- 2
- Perform TCP/QUIC handshake and don’t send anything, allow close initiated by counterpart.
- 3
- Perform TCP/QUIC handshake and don’t react further.
- 5
- Send incomplete query (N-1 bytes) and don’t react further.
- 7
- Send query and don’t ACK the response or anything further.
- 8
- Don’t close the connection and ignore close by counterpart.
- 9
- Operate normally except for not ACKing the final FIN+ACK (TCP only).
- R
- Instead of opening a connection for each query, reuse connections.
Signals
Sending USR1 signal to a running process triggers current statistics dump
to the standard output.
Notes
Linux kernel 4.18+ is required.
The utility has to be executed under root or with these capabilities:
CAP_NET_RAW, CAP_NET_ADMIN, CAP_SYS_ADMIN, CAP_IPC_LOCK, and CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
(Linux < 5.11).
The utility allocates source UDP/TCP ports from the range 2000-65535.
Examples
Manually created queries file:
abc6.example.com. AAAA
nxdomain.example.com. A
notzone. A
a.example.com. NS E
ab.example.com. A D
abcd.example.com. DS D
Queries file generated from a zone file (Knot DNS format):
cat ZONE_FILE | awk "{print \$1,\$3}" | grep -E "(NS|DS|A|AAAA|PTR|MX|SOA)$" | sort -u -R > queries.txt
Basic usage:
# kxdpgun -i ~/queries.txt 2001:DB8::1
Using UDP with increased batch size:
# kxdpgun -t 20 -Q 1000000 -i ~/queries.txt -b 20 -p 8853 192.0.2.1
Using TCP:
# kxdpgun -t 20 -Q 100000 -i ~/queries.txt -T -p 8853 192.0.2.1