layout: page description: Manage the Site configuration for Jekyll
title: Configuration tagline: Manage the Site Configuration for Jekyll
group: pages toc: true
:website: jekyllrb.com/ :revnumber: 3.2.1
- .boxShadow
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¶ ↑
Jekyll
allows you to configure your sites in any way you can dream up, and it’s thanks to the powerful and flexible configuration options that this is possible.These options can either be specified in a `_config.yml` file placed in your site’s root directory, or can be specified as flags for the `jekyll` executable on command-line.
¶ ↑
Global Configuration¶ ↑
The table below lists the available settings for
Jekyll
, and the various `options` (specified in the configuration file) and `flags` (specified on the command-line) that control them.- width=“100%”, cols=“8,4”,options=“header”, role=“table-responsive mt-3”
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|======================================================================= |Setting |Options and Flags a| *Site Source*
Change the directory where
Jekyll
will read filesa|
`source: DIR`
`-s, –source DIR`
a| *Site Destination*
Change the directory where
Jekyll
will write filesa|
`destination: DIR`
`-d, –destination DIR`
a| Safe
Disable ../plugins/[custom plugins, and ignore symbolic links].
a|
`safe: BOOL`
`–safe`
a| Exclude
Exclude directories and/or files from the conversion. These exclusions are relative to the site's source directory and cannot be outside the source directory.
|`exclude: [DIR, FILE, ...]`
a| Include
Force inclusion of directories and/or files in the conversion. `.htaccess` is a good example since dotfiles are excluded by default.
|`include: [DIR, FILE, ...]`
a| *Keep files*
When clobbering the site destination, keep the selected files. Useful for files that are not generated by jekyll; e.g. files or assets that are generated by your build tool. The paths are relative to the `destination`.
|`keep_files: [DIR, FILE, ...]`
a| *Time Zone*
Set the time zone for site generation. This sets the `TZ` environment variable, which Ruby uses to handle time and date creation and manipulation. Any entry from the en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tz_database[IANA Time Zone Database] is valid, e.g. `America/New_York`. A list of all available values can be found en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones[here]. The default is the local time zone, as set by your operating system.
|`timezone: TIMEZONE`
a| Encoding
Set the encoding of files by name (only available for Ruby 1.9 or later). The default value is `utf-8` starting in 2.0.0, and `nil` before 2.0.0, which will yield the Ruby default of `ASCII-8BIT`. Available encodings can be shown by the command `ruby -e 'puts Encoding::list.join(“n”)'`.
|`encoding: ENCODING`
a| Defaults
Set defaults for ../frontmatter/[YAML Front Matter] variables.
|see link:#front-matter-defaults[below]
|=======================================================================
- WARNING
-
¶ ↑
Destination folders are cleaned on site builds.
The contents of `<destination>` are automatically cleaned, by default, when the site is built. Files or folders that are not created by your site will be removed. Some files could be retained by specifying them within the `<keep_files>` configuration directive.
Do not use an important location for `<destination>` instead, use it as a staging area and copy files from there to your web server.
¶ ↑
- [build_command_options]
-
Build Command Options¶ ↑
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|======================================================================= |Setting |Options and Flags a| Regeneration
Enable auto-regeneration of the site when files are modified.
|`-w, --[no-]watch`
a| Configuration
Specify config files instead of using `_config.yml` automatically. Settings in later files override settings in earlier files.
|`--config FILE1[,FILE2,...]`
a| Drafts
Process and render draft posts.
a|
`show_drafts: BOOL`
`–drafts`
a| Environment
Use a specific environment value in the build.
|`JEKYLL_ENV=production`
a| Future
Publish posts or collection documents with a future date.
a|
`future: BOOL`
`–future`
a| LSI
Produce an index for related posts.
a|
`lsi: BOOL`
`–lsi`
a| *Limit Posts*
Limit the number of posts to parse and publish.
a|
`limit_posts: NUM`
`–limit_posts NUM`
a| *Force polling*
Force watch to use polling.
|`--force_polling`
a| *Verbose output*
Print verbose output.
|`-V, --verbose`
a| *Silence Output*
Silence the normal output from
Jekyll
during a build|`-q, --quiet`
a| *Incremental build*
Enable the experimental incremental build feature. Incremental build only re-builds posts and pages that have changed, resulting in significant performance improvements for large sites, but may also break site generation in certain cases.
a|
`incremental: BOOL`
`-I, –incremental`
a| *Liquid profiler*
Generate a Liquid rendering profile to help you identify performance bottlenecks.
a|
`profile: BOOL`
`–profile`
|=======================================================================
Serve Command Options¶ ↑
In addition to the options below, the `serve` sub-command can accept any of the options for the `build` sub-command, which are then applied to the site build which occurs right before your site is served.
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|====================================================================== |Setting |Options and Flags a| *Local Server Port*
Listen on the given port.
a|
`port: PORT`
`–port PORT`
a| *Local Server Hostname*
Listen at the given hostname.
a|
`host: HOSTNAME`
`–host HOSTNAME`
a| *Base URL*
Serve the website from the given base URL
a|
`baseurl: URL`
`–baseurl URL`
a| Detach
Detach the server from the terminal
a|
`detach: BOOL`
`-B, –detach`
a| *Skips the initial site build.*
Skips the initial site build which occurs before the server is started.
|`--skip-initial-build`
a| *X.509 (SSL) Private Key*
SSL Private Key.
|`--ssl-key`
a| *X.509 (SSL) Certificate*
SSL Public certificate.
|`--ssl-cert`
|======================================================================
- WARNING
-
¶ ↑
Do not use tabs in configuration files.
This will either lead to parsing errors, or
Jekyll
will revert to the default settings. Use spaces instead.¶ ↑
Custom WEBrick Headers¶ ↑
The
Jekyll
`serve` command enables an internal Web server - `WEBrick` - to serve your site without the need of an external Webserver (like Apache or Nginx). To control the internal server, you can provide custom headers for your site by adding them to `_config.yml`- source, yaml
# File: _config.yml webrick: headers: My-Header: My-Value My-Other-Header: My-Other-Value
Defaults¶ ↑
We provide by default `Content-Type` and `Cache-Control` response headers: one dynamic in order to specify the nature of the data being served, the other static in order to disable caching so that you don't have to fight with Chrome's aggressive caching when you are in development mode.
Set a
Jekyll
environment¶ ↑You can specify a
Jekyll
environment at build time. In the build (or serve) arguments, you can specify aJekyll
environment and value. The build will then apply this value in any conditional statements in your content.For example, suppose you set this conditional statement in your code:
- source, liquid
{% raw %} {% if jekyll.environment == "production" %} {% include disqus.html %} {% endif %} {% endraw %}
When you build your
Jekyll
site, the content inside the `if` statement won't be run unless you also specify a `production` environment in the build command, like this:- source, sh
JEKYLL_ENV=production jekyll build
Specifying an environment value allows you to make certain content available only within specific environments.
The default value for `JEKYLL_ENV` is `development`. Therefore if you omit `JEKYLL_ENV` from the build arguments, the default value will be `JEKYLL_ENV=development`. Any content inside
- source, liquid
{% if jekyll.environment == "development" %}
tags will automatically appear in the build.
Your environment values can be anything you want (not just `development` or `production`). Some elements you might want to hide in development environments include Disqus comment forms or Google Analytics. Conversely, you might want to expose an “Edit me in GitHub” button in a development environment but not include it in production environments.
By specifying the option in the build command, you avoid having to change values in your configuration files when moving from one environment to another.
Front Matter defaults¶ ↑
Using YAML Front Matter is one way that you can specify configuration in the pages and posts for your site. Setting things like a default layout, or customizing the title, or specifying a more precise date/time for the post can all be added to your page or post front matter.
Often times, you will find that you are repeating a lot of configuration options. Setting the same layout in each file, adding the same category - or categories - to a post, etc. You can even add custom variables like author names, which might be the same for the majority of posts on your blog.
Instead of repeating this configuration each time you create a new post or page,
Jekyll
provides a way to set these defaults in the site configuration. To do this, you can specify site-wide defaults using the `defaults` key in the `_config.yml` file in your project's root directory.The `defaults` key holds an array of scope/values pairs that define what defaults should be set for a particular file path, and optionally, a file type in that path.
Let's say that you want to add a default layout to all pages and posts in your site. You would add this to your `_config.yml` file:
- source, yaml
defaults:
- scope: path: "" # an empty string here means all files in the project values: layout: "default"
- NOTE
-
¶ ↑
Please stop and rerun `jekyll serve` command.
The `_config.yml` master configuration file contains global configurations and variable definitions that are read once at execution time. Changes made to `_config.yml` during automatic regeneration are not loaded until the next execution.
Note `Data Files` are included and reloaded during automatic regeneration.
¶ ↑
Here, we are scoping the `values` to any file that exists in the path `scope`. Since the path is set as an empty string, it will apply to **all files** in your project. You probably don't want to set a layout on every file in your project - like css files, for example - so you can also specify a `type` value under the `scope` key.
- source, yaml
defaults:
- scope: path: "" # an empty string here means all files in the project type: "posts" # previously `post` in Jekyll 2.2. values: layout: "default"
Now, this will only set the layout for files where the type is `posts`. The different types that are available to you are `pages`, `posts`, `drafts` or any collection in your site. While `type` is optional, you must specify a value for `path` when creating a `scope|values` pair.
As mentioned earlier, you can set multiple scope/values pairs for `defaults`.
- source, yaml
defaults:
- scope: path: "" type: "posts" values: layout: "my-site" - scope: path: "projects" type: "pages" # previously `page` in Jekyll 2.2. values: layout: "project" # overrides previous default layout author: "Mr. Hyde"
With these defaults, all posts would use the `my-site` layout. Any html files that exist in the `projects/` folder will use the `project` layout, if it exists. Those files will also have the `page.author` liquid variable set to `Mr. Hyde`.
- source, yaml
collections:
- my_collection: output: true
defaults:
- scope: path: "" type: "my_collection" # a collection in your site, in plural form values: layout: "default"
In this example, the `layout` is set to `default` inside the collection with the name `my_collection`.
Precedence¶ ↑
Jekyll
will apply all of the configuration settings you specify in the `defaults` section of your `_config.yml` file. However, you can choose to override settings from other scope/values pair by specifying a more specific path for the scope.You can see that in the second to last example above. First, we set the default layout to `my-site`. Then, using a more specific path, we set the default layout for files in the `projects/` path to `project`. This can be done with any value that you would set in the page or post front matter.
Finally, if you set defaults in the site configuration by adding a `defaults` section to your `_config.yml` file, you can override those settings in a post or page file. All you need to do is specify the settings in the post or page front matter.
For example:
- source, yaml
# ~/_config.yml … defaults:
- scope: path: "projects" type: "pages" values: layout: "project" author: "Mr. Hyde" category: "project"
…
- source, yaml
# ~/projects/foo_project.md
author: “John Smith” layout: “foobar”
The post text goes here…
The `projects/foo_project.md` would have the `layout` set to `foobar` instead of `project` and the `author` set to `John Smith` instead of `Mr. Hyde` when the site is built.
Default Configuration¶ ↑
Jekyll
runs with the following configuration options by default. Alternative settings for these options can be explicitly specified in the configuration file or on the command-line.- WARNING
-
¶ ↑
There are two unsupported kramdown options.
Please note that both `remove_block_html_tags` and `remove_span_html_tags` are currently unsupported in
Jekyll
due to the fact that they are not included within the kramdown HTML converter.¶ ↑
- source, yaml
# Where things are # source: . destination: ./_site plugins_dir: _plugins layouts_dir: _layouts data_dir: _data includes_dir: _includes collections:
posts: output: true
# Handling Reading # safe: false include: [“.htaccess”] exclude: [] keep_files: [“.git”, “.svn”] encoding: “utf-8” markdown_ext: “markdown,mkdown,mkdn,mkd,md”
# Filtering Content # show_drafts: null limit_posts: 0 future: false unpublished: false
# Plugins # whitelist: [] gems: []
# Conversion # markdown: kramdown highlighter: rouge lsi: false excerpt_separator: “nn” incremental: false
# Serving # detach: false port: 4000 host: 127.0.0.1 baseurl: “” # does not include hostname show_dir_listing: false
# Outputting # permalink: date paginate_path: /page:num timezone: null
quiet: false verbose: false defaults: []
liquid:
error_mode: warn
# Markdown Processors # rdiscount:
extensions: []
redcarpet:
extensions: []
kramdown:
auto_ids: true footnote_nr: 1 entity_output: as_char toc_levels: 1..6 smart_quotes: lsquo,rsquo,ldquo,rdquo input: GFM hard_wrap: false footnote_nr: 1
Liquid Options¶ ↑
Liquid's response to errors can be configured by setting `error_mode`. The options are
-
`lax` — Ignore all errors.
-
`warn` — Output a warning on the console for each error.
-
`strict` — Output an error message and stop the build.
Markdown Options¶ ↑
The various Markdown renderers supported by
Jekyll
sometimes have extra options available.Redcarpet¶ ↑
Redcarpet can be configured by providing an `extensions` sub-setting, whose value should be an array of strings. Each string should be the name of one of the `Redcarpet::Markdown` class's extensions; if present in the array, it will set the corresponding extension to `true`.
Jekyll
handles two special Redcarpet extensions:-
`no_fenced_code_blocks` — By default,
Jekyll
sets the
`fenced_code_blocks` extension (for delimiting code blocks with triple tildes or triple backticks) to `true`, probably because GitHub's eager adoption of them is starting to make them inescapable. Redcarpet's normal `fenced_code_blocks` extension is inert when used with
Jekyll
; instead, you can use this inverted version of the extension for disabling fenced code.Note that you can also specify a language for highlighting after the first delimiter:
- source, ruby
# ...ruby code
With both fenced code blocks and highlighter enabled, this will statically highlight the code; without any syntax highlighter, it will add a `class=“LANGUAGE”` attribute to the `<code>` element, which can be used as a hint by various JavaScript code highlighting libraries.
-
`smart` — This pseudo-extension turns on SmartyPants, which converts straight quotes to curly quotes and runs of hyphens to em (`—`) and en (`–`) dashes.
All other extensions retain their usual names from Redcarpet, and no renderer options aside from `smart` can be specified in
Jekyll
. [A list of available extensions can be found in the Redcarpet README file.] Make sure you're looking at the README for the right version of Redcarpet:Jekyll
currently uses v3.2.x. The most commonly used extensions are:-
`tables`
-
`no_intra_emphasis`
-
`autolink`
[redcarpet_extensions]: github.com/vmg/redcarpet/blob/v3.2.2/README.markdown#and-its-like-really-simple-to-use
### Custom Markdown Processors
If you're interested in creating a custom markdown processor, you're in luck! Create a new class in the `Jekyll::Converters::Markdown` namespace:
- source, ruby
class Jekyll::Converters::Markdown::MyCustomProcessor def initialize(config) require 'funky_markdown' @config = config rescue LoadError STDERR.puts 'You are missing a library required for Markdown. Please run:' STDERR.puts ' $ [sudo] gem install funky_markdown' raise FatalException.new("Missing dependency: funky_markdown") end def convert(content) ::FunkyMarkdown.new(content).convert end end
Once you've created your class and have it properly set up either as a plugin in the `_plugins` folder or as a gem, specify it in your `_config.yml`:
- source, yaml
markdown: MyCustomProcessor
Incremental Regeneration¶ ↑
Incremental regeneration helps shorten build times by only generating documents and pages that were updated since the previous build. It does this by keeping track of both file modification times and inter-document dependencies in the `.jekyll-metadata` file.
- WARNING
-
¶ ↑
Incremental regeneration is still an experimental feature.
While incremental regeneration will work for the most common cases, it will not work correctly in every scenario. Please be extremely cautious when using the feature, and report any problems not listed below by <a href=“opening”>github.com/jekyll/jekyll/issues/new“>opening an issue on GitHub</a>.
¶ ↑
Under the current implementation, incremental regeneration will only generate a document or page if either it, or one of its dependencies, is modified. Currently, the only types of dependencies tracked are includes (using the `{% include %}` tag) and layouts. This means that plain references to other documents (for example, the common case of iterating over `site.posts` in a post listings page) will not be detected as a dependency.
To remedy some of these shortfalls, putting `regenerate: true` in the front-matter of a document will force
Jekyll
to regenerate it regardless of whether it has been modified. Note that this will generate the specified document only; references to other documents' contents will not work since they won't be re-rendered.Incremental regeneration can be enabled via the `–incremental` flag (`-i` for short) from the command-line or by setting `incremental: true` in your configuration file.
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