=> [[1;34m#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef5820 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf9b8 "The origin of the English word 'cat', ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf9a4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbf1ac name="href" value="/wiki/Old_English">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbf198 name="title" value="Old English">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf170 "Old English">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf990 " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf968 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbea90 name="lang" value="ang">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbea7c name="title" value="Old English (ca. 450-1100)-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbea54 "catt">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf954 ", is thought to be the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf940 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbe338 name="href" value="/wiki/Late_Latin">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbe324 name="title" value="Late Latin">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbe2e8 "Late Latin">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf92c " word ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf904 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc9b70 name="lang" value="la">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc9b5c name="title" value="Latin-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc9b34 "cattus">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf8f0 ", which was first used at the beginning of the 6th century.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf8dc name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc9418 name="id" value="cite_ref-20">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc9404 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc93dc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc8e50 name="href" value="#cite_note-20">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc8e28 "[20]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf8c8 " It was suggested that the word 'cattus' is derived from an ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf8b4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc86a8 name="href" value="/wiki/Egyptian_language">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc8694 name="title" value="Egyptian language">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc8658 "Egyptian">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf8a0 " precursor of ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf88c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd1be0 name="href" value="/wiki/Coptic_language">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd1bcc name="title" value="Coptic language">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fd1b7c "Coptic">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf878 " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf864 name="span" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd1208 name="lang" value="cop">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd11f4 name="title" value="Coptic-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fd11cc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd095c name="href" value="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%A3%E2%B2%81%E2%B2%A9">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd0948 name="class" value="extiw">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd0934 name="title" value="wikt:ϣⲁⲩ">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fd090c "ϣⲁⲩ">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf850 " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf83c name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb9f54 name="lang" value="cop-Latn">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb9f40 name="title" value="Coptic-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fb9f18 "šau">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf828 ", \"tomcat\", or its feminine form suffixed with ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf814 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb97c0 name="lang" value="egy-Latn">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb97ac name="title" value="Ancient Egyptian-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fb9784 "-t">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf800 ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf7ec name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb8d20 name="id" value="cite_ref-21">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb8d0c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fb8cd0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb871c name="href" value="#cite_note-21">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fb86f4 "[21]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf7d8 "\nThe Late Latin word may be derived from another ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf7c4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb80f0 name="href" value="/wiki/Afro-Asiatic">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb80dc name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb80c8 name="title" value="Afro-Asiatic">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fb80a0 "Afro-Asiatic">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf79c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc384c name="id" value="cite_ref-22">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc3838 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc3810 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc3234 name="href" value="#cite_note-22">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc320c "[22]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf788 " or ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf774 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc2c44 name="href" value="/wiki/Nilo-Saharan">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc2c30 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc2c1c name="title" value="Nilo-Saharan">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc2bf4 "Nilo-Saharan">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf74c " language. The ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf738 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc2294 name="href" value="/wiki/Nubian_languages">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc2280 name="title" value="Nubian languages">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc2244 "Nubian">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf724 " word ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf710 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fdfa38 name="lang" value="nub">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fdf9fc name="title" value="Nubian languages collective text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fdf9c0 "kaddîska">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf6fc " \"wildcat\" and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf6e8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fdf088 name="href" value="/wiki/Nobiin_language">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fdf074 name="title" value="Nobiin language">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fdf04c "Nobiin">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf6d4 " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf6c0 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fde4bc name="lang" value="nub">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fde4a8 name="title" value="Nubian languages collective text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fde480 "kadīs">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf6ac " are possible sources or cognates.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf698 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe9d30 name="id" value="cite_ref-23">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe9d1c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fe9cf4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe9740 name="href" value="#cite_note-23">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fe9718 "[23]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf684 " The Nubian word may be a loan from ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf670 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe9024 name="href" value="/wiki/Arabic_language">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe8f98 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe8f84 name="title" value="Arabic language">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fe8f48 "Arabic">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf65c " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf648 name="span" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe84a8 name="lang" value="ar">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe846c name="dir" value="rtl">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe8458 name="title" value="Arabic-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fe8430 "قَطّ‎">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf634 " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf60c name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fedac0 name="lang" value="ar-Latn">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fedaac name="title" value="Arabic-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5feda84 "qaṭṭ">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf5f8 " ~ ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf5e4 name="span" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fed278 name="lang" value="ar">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fed264 name="dir" value="rtl">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fed250 name="title" value="Arabic-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fed228 "قِطّ">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf5d0 " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf5bc name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fec850 name="lang" value="ar-Latn">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fec83c name="title" value="Arabic-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fec814 "qiṭṭ">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf5a8 ". It is \"equally likely that the forms might derive from an ancient Germanic word, imported into Latin and thence to Greek and to Syriac and Arabic\".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf594 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c57f2550 name="id" value="cite_ref-24">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c57f23ac name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c57f6088 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5825f54 name="href" value="#cite_note-24">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5825ae0 "[24]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf580 " The word may be derived from Germanic and Northern European languages, and ultimately be borrowed from ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf56c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c58991d4 name="href" value="/wiki/Uralic_languages">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c58990e4 name="title" value="Uralic languages">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5898e3c "Uralic">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf558 ", cf. ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf544 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c58b3534 name="href" value="/wiki/Northern_Sami_language">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c58b337c name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c58b3098 name="title" value="Northern Sami language">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c58b2030 "Northern Sami">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf530 " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf51c name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c58bcfbc name="lang" value="se">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c58bcc38 name="title" value="Northern Sami-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c58bca94 "gáđfi">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf508 ", \"female ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf4f4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5794540 name="href" value="/wiki/Stoat">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c57943d8 name="title" value="Stoat">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5797ec0 "stoat">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf4e0 "\", and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf4cc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c59c92ac name="href" value="/wiki/Hungarian_language">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c59c8cbc name="title" value="Hungarian language">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c59c88fc "Hungarian">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf4b8 " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf4a4 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c59deae4 name="lang" value="hu">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c59de9a4 name="title" value="Hungarian-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c59de814 "hölgy">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf490 ", \"stoat\"; from ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf47c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c59fcfbc name="href" value="/wiki/Proto-Uralic_language">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c59fce40 name="title" value="Proto-Uralic language">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c59fccc4 "Proto-Uralic">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf468 " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf454 name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a1cf24 "*käďwä">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf440 ", \"female (of a furred animal)\".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbf42c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a13ce4 name="id" value="cite_ref-25">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a13cd0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a13ca8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a132f8 name="href" value="#cite_note-25">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a132bc "[25]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf418 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef57e4 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a125c4 "The English ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a12560 name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a23a2c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a23720 name="href" value="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/puss#English">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a236f8 name="class" value="extiw">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a236e4 name="title" value="wikt:puss">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a23694 "puss">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a1254c ", extended as ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a12538 name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a22604 "pussy">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a12524 " and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a124fc name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a22230 "pussycat">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a124d4 ", is attested from the 16th century and may have been introduced from ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a124ac name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a27e10 name="href" value="/wiki/Dutch_language">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a27dfc name="title" value="Dutch language">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a27dac "Dutch">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a1245c " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a12448 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a27014 name="lang" value="nl">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a27000 name="title" value="Dutch-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a26fc4 "poes">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a12434 " or from ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a12420 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a2d630 name="href" value="/wiki/Low_German">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a2d61c name="title" value="Low German">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a2d5f4 "Low German">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a123f8 " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a123e4 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a2c938 name="lang" value="nds">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a2c8e8 name="title" value="Low German-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a2c884 "puuskatte">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a123bc ", related to ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a123a8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a39750 name="href" value="/wiki/Swedish_language">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a3973c name="title" value="Swedish language">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a396ec "Swedish">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a12358 " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a12344 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a38274 name="lang" value="sv">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a38224 name="title" value="Swedish-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a381e8 "kattepus">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a12308 ", or ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a122a4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a4e7cc name="href" value="/wiki/Norwegian_language">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a4e77c name="title" value="Norwegian language">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a4e68c "Norwegian">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a1227c " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a12268 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a2e800 name="lang" value="no">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a2e788 name="title" value="Norwegian-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a2e6e8 "pus">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a1222c ", ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a12204 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a31ab4 name="lang" value="no">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a31aa0 name="title" value="Norwegian-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a31a78 "pusekatt">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a1218c ". Similar forms exist in Lithuanian ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a12150 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a31104 name="lang" value="lt">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a310dc name="title" value="Lithuanian-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a3108c "puižė">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a1213c " and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a12128 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a30920 name="href" value="/wiki/Irish_language">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a3090c name="title" value="Irish language">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a308e4 "Irish">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a12114 " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a12088 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a59ce4 name="lang" value="ga">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a59ca8 name="title" value="Irish-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a59c6c "puisín">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a12074 " or ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a23fcc name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a3ba64 name="lang" value="ga">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a3b99c name="title" value="Irish-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a3b870 "puiscín">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a23fa4 ". The etymology of this word is unknown, but it may have simply ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a23f04 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a77118 name="href" value="/wiki/Onomatopoeia">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a76024 name="title" value="Onomatopoeia">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5aedc78 "arisen from a sound">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a23ef0 " used to attract a cat.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a23eb4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5af1260 name="id" value="cite_ref-26">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5af11d4 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5af10bc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5af2f84 name="href" value="#cite_note-26">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5af2e58 "[26]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a23e50 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5af6364 name="id" value="cite_ref-Gramercy_Unabridged_27-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5af6350 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5af62c4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5aff874 name="href" value="#cite_note-Gramercy_Unabridged-27">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5aff84c "[27]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a23e3c "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef57d0 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b02bdc "A male cat is called a ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b02b8c name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b0687c "tom">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b02aec " or ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b02a38 name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b0dec4 "tomcat">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b0295c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b0cec0 name="id" value="cite_ref-28">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b0ce70 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b0ce48 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b10f70 name="href" value="#cite_note-28">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b10ebc "[28]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b0290c " (or a ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b028bc name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b14648 "gib">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b0272c ",">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b02664 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b17154 name="id" value="cite_ref-29">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b1708c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b16fb0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b1a4e4 name="href" value="#cite_note-29">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b1a3f4 "[29]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b02650 " if neutered). An ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b02628 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b23ecc name="href" value="/wiki/Spaying">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b23eb8 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b23e40 name="title" value="Spaying">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b23cd8 "unspayed">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b023e4 " female is called a ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b023d0 name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b26bb8 "queen">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b02380 ",">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b02178 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b29bc4 name="id" value="cite_ref-30">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b29b74 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b29a70 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b28274 name="href" value="#cite_note-30">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b281d4 "[30]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b020b0 " especially in a cat-breeding context. A juvenile cat is referred to as a ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b0209c name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b2c680 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b2c1bc name="href" value="/wiki/Kitten">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b2c0e0 name="title" value="Kitten">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b2c0a4 "kitten">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b07f24 ". In ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b07ed4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b45464 name="href" value="/wiki/Early_Modern_English">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b45284 name="title" value="Early Modern English">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b44fa0 "Early Modern English">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b07ec0 ", the word ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b07df8 name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b4d0d8 "kitten">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b07d6c " was interchangeable with the now-obsolete word ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b07ccc name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b4c070 "catling">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b07c18 ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b07bf0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b51174 name="id" value="cite_ref-31">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b510c0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b50ff8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b54bf8 name="href" value="#cite_note-31">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b54a2c "[31]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b07b78 " A group of cats can be referred to as a ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b07b28 name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b5d6e0 "clowder">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b07ad8 " or a ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b079ac name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b6140c "glaring">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b07998 ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b078bc name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b67d20 name="id" value="cite_ref-32">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b67ac8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b67a14 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b772e8 name="href" value="#cite_note-32">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b77270 "[32]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b07894 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef57a8 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b7adbc "The ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b7ada8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b7f038 name="href" value="/wiki/Scientific_name">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b7ef70 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b7ef48 name="title" value="Scientific name">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b7ee80 "scientific name">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b7ad6c " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b7ac2c name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b85000 "Felis catus">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b7abdc " was proposed by ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b7abc8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b8de58 name="href" value="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b8d9bc name="title" value="Carl Linnaeus">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b8d7c8 "Carl Linnaeus">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b7abb4 " in 1758 for a domestic cat.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b7ab50 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b952fc name="id" value="cite_ref-Linnaeus1758_1-2">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b95068 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b94fa0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b9d790 name="href" value="#cite_note-Linnaeus1758-1">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b9d614 "[1]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b7aad8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ba11c4 name="id" value="cite_ref-MSW3fc_2-2">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ba1048 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ba0f6c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ba9504 name="href" value="#cite_note-MSW3fc-2">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ba948c "[2]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b7aa74 " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b7a9d4 name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5bacda8 "Felis catus domesticus">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b7a8f8 " was proposed by ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b7a844 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5bdc9e0 name="href" value="/wiki/Johann_Christian_Polycarp_Erxleben">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5bdc9cc name="title" value="Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5bdc9a4 "Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b7a81c " in 1777.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b7a790 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5beb3a0 name="id" value="cite_ref-Erxleben_3-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5beb2d8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5beb184 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5befc84 name="href" value="#cite_note-Erxleben-3">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5befc48 "[3]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b7a740 " ">, 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children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c4cfd8 "[40]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c4709c "\nThe ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c47088 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c4c088 name="href" value="/wiki/Genus_(biology)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c4c038 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c508e0 name="title" value="Genus (biology)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c51f88 "genus">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c4704c " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c47038 name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c50160 "Felis">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c47024 " ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c46fc0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c55890 name="href" value="/wiki/Genetic_divergence">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c55840 name="title" value="Genetic divergence">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c557dc "diverged">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c46fac " from other Felidae around 6–7 million years ago.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c46f98 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c54364 name="id" value="cite_ref-Johnson_41-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c54350 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c542d8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c591e8 name="href" value="#cite_note-Johnson-41">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c59030 "[41]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c46f70 "\nResults of ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c46f34 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c5820c name="href" value="/wiki/Phylogenetic">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c581f8 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c581a8 name="title" value="Phylogenetic">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c58130 "phylogenetic">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c46f20 " research confirm that the wild ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c46f0c name="i" 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This line of partially domesticated cats leaves no trace in the domestic cat populations of today.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c46ae8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c7fe60 name="id" value="cite_ref-45">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c7fdfc name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c7fd20 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c7ee20 name="href" value="#cite_note-45">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c7eda8 "[45]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c46aac "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef56f4 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c83d94 "The earliest known indication for the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c83d80 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c82db8 name="href" value="/wiki/Taming">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c82d54 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c82cf0 name="title" value="Taming">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c82c8c "taming">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c83d6c " of an ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c83d58 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c8697c name="href" value="/wiki/African_wildcat">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c8692c name="title" value="African wildcat">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c868dc "African wildcat">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c83d30 " (">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c83d1c name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8b88c "F. lybica">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c83d08 ") was ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c83cb8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c8b0f8 name="href" value="/wiki/Excavation_(archaeology)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c8b0e4 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c8b0bc name="title" value="Excavation (archaeology)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8b06c "excavated">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c83ca4 " close by a human ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c83c68 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c8f644 name="href" value="/wiki/Neolithic">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c8f5e0 name="title" value="Neolithic">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8f5b8 "Neolithic">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c83c2c " grave in ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c83bf0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c9169c name="href" value="/wiki/Shillourokambos">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c91674 name="title" value="Shillourokambos">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c91624 "Shillourokambos">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c83bdc ", southern ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c83b78 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c90404 name="href" value="/wiki/Cyprus">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c90350 name="title" value="Cyprus">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c90300 "Cyprus">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c83b64 ", dating to about 7500–7200 BC. Since there is no evidence of native mammalian ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c83b50 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c95404 name="href" value="/wiki/Fauna">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c9538c name="title" value="Fauna">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c952c4 "fauna">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c83b14 " on Cyprus, the inhabitants of this Neolithic village most likely brought the cat and other wild mammals to the island from the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c83b00 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c94310 name="href" value="/wiki/Middle_East">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c942fc name="title" value="Middle East">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c94270 "Middle Eastern">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c83a88 " mainland.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c83a4c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c98b40 name="id" value="cite_ref-Vigne_al2004_46-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c98ac8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c98a28 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c9bb88 name="href" value="#cite_note-Vigne_al2004-46">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c9bae8 "[46]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c83a38 "\nScientists therefore assume that African wildcats were attracted to early human settlements in the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c83a24 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c9a904 name="href" value="/wiki/Fertile_Crescent">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c9a8f0 name="title" value="Fertile Crescent">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c9a864 "Fertile Crescent">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c838f8 " by rodents, in particular the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c838bc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c9eef0 name="href" value="/wiki/House_mouse">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c9eea0 name="title" value="House mouse">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c9ee78 "house mouse">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c83740 " (">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c83600 name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ca36f8 "Mus musculus">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c835d8 "), and were tamed by Neolithic farmers. This ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c83588 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ca2924 name="href" value="/wiki/Commensalism">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ca2910 name="title" value="Commensalism">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ca28e8 "commensal">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8354c " relationship between early farmers and tamed cats lasted thousands of years. As ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c83524 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ca4f6c name="href" value="/wiki/Agricultural_practices">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ca4f30 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ca4ecc name="title" value="Agricultural practices">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ca4e54 "agricultural practices">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c834e8 " spread, so did tame and domesticated cats.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c833f8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ca9828 name="id" value="cite_ref-DriscollMenotti-Raymond2007_11-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ca979c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ca9738 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ca8680 name="href" value="#cite_note-DriscollMenotti-Raymond2007-11">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ca857c "[11]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c833bc name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cad11c name="id" value="cite_ref-Driscoll_al2009_6-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cad0f4 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cad0b8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cac2e4 name="href" value="#cite_note-Driscoll_al2009-6">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cac2a8 "[6]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c833a8 " Wildcats of Egypt contributed to the maternal ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c8331c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5caf14c name="href" value="/wiki/Gene_pool">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5caf124 name="title" value="Gene pool">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5caf084 "gene pool">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c832cc " of the domestic cat at a later time.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c832a4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cb333c name="id" value="cite_ref-OttoniVan_Neer2017_47-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cb329c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cb31fc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cb7b08 name="href" value="#cite_note-OttoniVan_Neer2017-47">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb7a90 "[47]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c83254 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef56cc name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb6b7c "The earliest known evidence for the occurrence of the domestic cat in ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cb6b2c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cb6208 name="href" value="/wiki/Greece">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cb61f4 name="title" value="Greece">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb617c "Greece">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb6adc " dates to around 1200 BC. Greek, ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cb6ac8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db3840 name="href" value="/wiki/Phoenicia">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db3818 name="title" value="Phoenicia">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5db37f0 "Phoenician">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb6aa0 ", ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cb6a8c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db2c74 name="href" value="/wiki/Carthaginia">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db2c60 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db2c4c name="title" value="Carthaginia">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5db2c24 "Carthaginian">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb6a64 " and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cb6a50 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db238c name="href" value="/wiki/Etrusca">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db2378 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db2364 name="title" value="Etrusca">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5db233c "Etruscan">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb6a14 " traders introduced domestic cats to southern Europe.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cb69ec name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfdad0 name="id" value="cite_ref-Faure2009_48-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfdabc name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5dfda94 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfd51c name="href" value="#cite_note-Faure2009-48">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5dfd4f4 "[48]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb6988 "\nDuring the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cb694c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfce28 name="href" value="/wiki/Roman_Empire">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfce14 name="title" value="Roman Empire">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5dfcdec "Roman Empire">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb68e8 " they were introduced to ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cb68c0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfc554 name="href" value="/wiki/Corsica">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfc540 name="title" value="Corsica">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5dfc518 "Corsica">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb68ac " and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cb6884 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dffc2c name="href" value="/wiki/Sardinia">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dffc18 name="title" value="Sardinia">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5dffbf0 "Sardinia">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb6848 " before the beginning of the 1st millennium.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cb6834 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dff2f4 name="id" value="cite_ref-Vigne1992_49-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dff2e0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5dff2a4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfeca0 name="href" value="#cite_note-Vigne1992-49">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5dfec78 "[49]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb67f8 "\nBy the 5th century BC, they were familiar animals around settlements in ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cb67e4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfe458 name="href" value="/wiki/Magna_Graecia">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfe444 name="title" value="Magna Graecia">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5dfe41c "Magna Graecia">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb6780 " and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cb676c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e19c80 name="href" value="/wiki/Etruria">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e19c6c name="title" value="Etruria">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e19c44 "Etruria">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb6708 ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cb66f4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e19384 name="id" value="cite_ref-50">, 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Several natural behaviors and characteristics of wildcats may have ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e21a5c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e21430 name="href" value="/wiki/Preadaptation">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e2141c name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e21408 name="title" value="Preadaptation">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e213e0 "pre-adapted">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e21a20 " them for domestication as pets. These traits include their small size, social nature, obvious body language, love of play and relatively high intelligence. 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Males are larger than females.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e3d1f8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3f660 name="id" value="cite_ref-WCoW_59-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3f64c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e3f610 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3efa8 name="href" value="#cite_note-WCoW-59">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3ef80 "[59]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3d1e4 "\nAdult domestic cats typically weigh between 4 and 5 kg (9 and 11 lb).">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e3d1d0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3e940 name="id" value="cite_ref-Mattern_42-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3e92c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e3e904 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3e3b4 name="href" value="#cite_note-Mattern-42">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3e38c "[42]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3d1bc "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef55f0 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e43c9c "Cats have seven ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e43c88 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e43800 name="href" value="/wiki/Cervical_vertebrae">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e437d8 name="title" value="Cervical vertebrae">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e437b0 "cervical vertebrae">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e43c4c " (as do most ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e43c38 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e4306c name="href" value="/wiki/Mammals">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e43058 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e43044 name="title" value="Mammals">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e4301c "mammals">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e43c24 "); 13 ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e43c10 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e424b4 name="href" value="/wiki/Thoracic_vertebrae">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e424a0 name="title" value="Thoracic vertebrae">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e42450 "thoracic vertebrae">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e43bfc " (humans have 12); seven ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e43be8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e4b334 name="href" value="/wiki/Lumbar_vertebrae">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e4b320 name="title" value="Lumbar vertebrae">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e4b2f8 "lumbar vertebrae">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e43bd4 " (humans have five); three ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e43bc0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e4ab28 name="href" value="/wiki/Sacrum">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e4ab14 name="title" value="Sacrum">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e4aaec "sacral vertebrae">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e43b98 " (as do most mammals, but humans have five); and a variable number of ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e43b84 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e51f90 name="href" value="/wiki/Caudal_vertebrae">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e51f68 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e51f54 name="title" value="Caudal vertebrae">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e51f2c "caudal vertebrae">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e43b70 " in the tail (humans have only vestigial caudal vertebrae, fused into an internal ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e43b5c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e512e8 name="href" value="/wiki/Coccyx">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e512d4 name="title" value="Coccyx">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e5125c "coccyx">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e43b34 ").">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e43b20 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e508ac name="id" value="cite_ref-Walker_60-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e50898 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e50870 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e502f8 name="href" value="#cite_note-Walker-60">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e502d0 "[60]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e43b0c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e59c2c name="class" value="reference">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e59b78 name="style" value="white-space:nowrap;">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e59a88 ":">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e59a74 name="span" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e59330 "11">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e43af8 " The extra lumbar and thoracic vertebrae account for the cat's spinal mobility and flexibility. 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When it overpowers its prey, a cat delivers a lethal neck bite with its two long ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e638e4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e716b0 name="href" value="/wiki/Canine_tooth">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e7169c name="title" value="Canine tooth">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e71674 "canine teeth">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e638d0 ", inserting them between two of the prey's ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e638bc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e70f80 name="href" value="/wiki/Vertebra">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e70f6c name="title" value="Vertebra">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e70f44 "vertebrae">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e638a8 " and severing its ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e63894 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e70850 name="href" value="/wiki/Spinal_cord">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e7083c name="title" value="Spinal cord">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e70800 "spinal cord">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e63880 ", causing irreversible ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e6386c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e77ee8 name="href" value="/wiki/Paralysis">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e77ed4 name="title" value="Paralysis">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e77eac "paralysis">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e63858 " and death.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e63844 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e77614 name="id" value="cite_ref-Smith1992_63-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e77600 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e775c4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e76f5c name="href" value="#cite_note-Smith1992-63">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e76f20 "[63]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e63830 " Compared to other felines, domestic cats have narrowly spaced canine teeth relative to the size of their jaw, which is an adaptation to their preferred prey of small rodents, which have small vertebrae.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e6381c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e76624 name="id" value="cite_ref-Smith1992_63-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e76610 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e765e8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e81e48 name="href" value="#cite_note-Smith1992-63">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e81e20 "[63]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e63808 " The ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e637f4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e817f4 name="href" value="/wiki/Premolar">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e817e0 name="title" value="Premolar">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e817b8 "premolar">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e637e0 " and first ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e637cc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e810c4 name="href" value="/wiki/Molar_(tooth)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e810b0 name="title" value="Molar (tooth)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e81088 "molar">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e637a4 " together compose the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e63790 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e808e0 name="href" value="/wiki/Carnassial">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e808cc name="title" value="Carnassial">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e808a4 "carnassial">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e6377c " pair on each side of the mouth, which efficiently shears meat into small pieces, like a pair of scissors. These are vital in feeding, since cats' small ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e63754 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e8019c name="href" value="/wiki/Molar_(tooth)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e80188 name="title" value="Molar (tooth)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e80160 "molars">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e63740 " cannot chew food effectively, and cats are largely incapable of mastication.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e6372c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e69a00 name="id" value="cite_ref-Case_62-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e699ec name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e699c4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e69460 name="href" value="#cite_note-Case-62">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e69438 "[62]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e63718 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e68ed4 name="class" value="reference">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e68eac name="style" value="white-space:nowrap;">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e68e70 ":">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e68e5c name="span" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e68858 "37">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e63704 " Although cats tend to have better teeth than most humans, with decay generally less likely because of a thicker protective layer of enamel, a less damaging saliva, less retention of food particles between teeth, and a diet mostly devoid of sugar, they are nonetheless subject to occasional tooth loss and infection.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e636f0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e684c0 name="id" value="cite_ref-Carr1978_64-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e684ac name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e68484 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e85e44 name="href" value="#cite_note-Carr1978-64">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e85e1c "[64]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e636dc "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef5550 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e85674 "Cats have protractable and retractable claws.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e85660 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e8500c name="id" value="cite_ref-Kitchener2010_65-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e84ff8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e84fd0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e848dc name="href" value="#cite_note-Kitchener2010-65">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e848a0 "[65]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e8564c " In their normal, relaxed position, the claws are sheathed with the skin and fur around the paw's toe pads. This keeps the claws sharp by preventing wear from contact with the ground and allows the silent stalking of prey. The claws on the fore feet are typically sharper than those on the hind feet.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e85638 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e8d388 name="id" value="cite_ref-Armes_1900_66-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e8d360 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e8d338 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e8ccd0 name="href" value="#cite_note-Armes_1900-66">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e8cba4 "[66]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e855fc " Cats can voluntarily extend their claws on one or more paws. They may extend their claws in hunting or self-defense, climbing, ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e855e8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e8c578 name="href" value="/wiki/Kneading_(cats)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e8c564 name="title" value="Kneading (cats)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e8c53c "kneading">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e855d4 ", or for extra traction on soft surfaces. Cats shed the outside layer of their claw sheaths when scratching rough surfaces.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e85598 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e8fda4 name="id" value="cite_ref-pmid19422432_67-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e8fd7c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e8fd40 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e8f78c name="href" value="#cite_note-pmid19422432-67">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e8f750 "[67]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e85584 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef553c name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e8ead0 "Most cats have five claws on their front paws, and four on their rear paws. The ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e8eabc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e8e468 name="href" value="/wiki/Dewclaw">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e8e440 name="title" value="Dewclaw">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e8e418 "dewclaw">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e8eaa8 " is ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e8ea94 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e958e4 name="href" value="/wiki/Proximal">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e958d0 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e958bc name="title" value="Proximal">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e95880 "proximal">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e8ea80 " to the other claws. More proximally is a protrusion which appears to be a sixth \"finger\". This special feature of the front paws, on the inside of the wrists has no function in normal walking, but is thought to be an antiskidding device used while jumping. Some cat breeds are prone to having extra digits (">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e8ea44 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e94f0c name="href" value="/wiki/Polydactyl_cat">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e94ef8 name="title" value="Polydactyl cat">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e94ed0 "“polydactyly”">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e8ea1c ").">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e8e9f4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e94688 name="id" value="cite_ref-Danforth1947_68-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e94674 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e9464c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e940c0 name="href" value="#cite_note-Danforth1947-68">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e94098 "[68]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e8e97c " Polydactylous cats occur along North America's northeast coast and in Great Britain.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e8e710 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e9b9ec name="id" value="cite_ref-Lettice_2008_69-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e9b9d8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e9b99c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e9b230 name="href" value="#cite_note-Lettice_2008-69">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e9b1f4 "[69]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e8e6c0 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef5514 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e9a63c "The cat is ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e9a628 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e9a3d0 name="href" value="/wiki/Digitigrade">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e9a3bc name="title" value="Digitigrade">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e9a394 "digitigrade">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e9a614 ". It walks on the toes, with the bones of the feet making up the lower part of the visible leg.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e9a600 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea3ca0 name="id" value="cite_ref-Pocock1917_70-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea3c8c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ea3c64 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea373c name="href" value="#cite_note-Pocock1917-70">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea3714 "[70]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e9a5ec " Unlike most mammals, it uses a \"pacing\" ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e9a5d8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea2f44 name="href" value="/wiki/Gait">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea2f30 name="title" value="Gait">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea2eb8 "gait">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e9a5c4 " and moves both legs on one side of the body before the legs on the other side. It registers directly by placing each hind paw close to the track of the corresponding fore paw, minimizing noise and visible tracks. This also provides sure footing for hind paws when navigating rough terrain. As it speeds up walking to trotting, its gait changes to a \"diagonal\" gait: The diagonally opposite hind and fore legs move simultaneously.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e9a5b0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea27c4 name="id" value="cite_ref-Christensen_2004_71-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea27b0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ea2788 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea55a0 name="href" value="#cite_note-Christensen_2004-71">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea5578 "[71]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e9a59c "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef54b0 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea4e70 "Most breeds of cat have a noted fondness for sitting in high places, or ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ea4e5c name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea4c40 "perching">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea4e48 ". A higher place may serve as a concealed site from which to hunt; domestic cats strike prey by pouncing from a perch such as a tree branch. Another possible explanation is that height gives the cat a better observation point, allowing it to survey its territory. A cat falling from heights of up to 3 meters (9.8 ft) can right itself and land on its paws.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ea4e34 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea47e0 name="id" value="cite_ref-Kent_et_al._2010_72-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea47cc name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ea47a4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea4240 name="href" value="#cite_note-Kent_et_al._2010-72">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea4164 "[72]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea4e20 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef5474 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea9a60 "During a fall from a high place, a cat reflexively twists its body and rights itself to land on its feet using its acute sense of balance and flexibility. This reflex is known as the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ea9a4c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea9740 name="href" value="/wiki/Cat_righting_reflex">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea972c name="title" value="Cat righting reflex">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea9704 "cat righting reflex">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea9a38 ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ea9a24 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea8ed0 name="id" value="cite_ref-73">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea8ebc name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ea8e94 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea8854 name="href" value="#cite_note-73">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea8818 "[73]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea9a10 "\nA cat always rights itself in the same way during a fall, if it has enough time to do so, which is the case in falls of 90 cm (2 ft 11 in) or more.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ea99fc name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea819c name="id" value="cite_ref-Nguyen_1998_74-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ea8188 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ea814c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5eafa8c name="href" value="#cite_note-Nguyen_1998-74">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eafa64 "[74]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea99e8 " How cats are able to right themselves when falling has been investigated as the \"">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ea99d4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5eaf460 name="href" value="/wiki/Falling_cat_problem">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5eaf44c name="title" value="Falling cat problem">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eaf424 "falling cat problem">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ea99c0 "\".\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef5460 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eaea74 "Cats have excellent ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eaea60 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5eae560 name="href" value="/wiki/Night_vision">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5eae54c name="title" value="Night vision">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae510 "night vision">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eaea4c " and can see at only one-sixth the light level required for human vision.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eaea38 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5eb7cb4 name="id" value="cite_ref-Case_62-2">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5eb7ca0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eb7c78 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5eb7700 name="href" value="#cite_note-Case-62">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eb76d8 "[62]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eaea10 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5eb7048 name="class" value="reference">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5eb7034 name="style" value="white-space:nowrap;">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eb700c ":">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eb6ff8 name="span" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eb6918 "43">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae9fc " This is partly the result of cat eyes having a ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eae9e8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5eb6544 name="href" value="/wiki/Tapetum_lucidum">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5eb6530 name="title" value="Tapetum lucidum">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eb6508 "tapetum lucidum">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae9c0 ", which reflects any light that passes through the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eae9ac name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ebdde4 name="href" value="/wiki/Retina">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ebddd0 name="title" value="Retina">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ebdda8 "retina">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae984 " back into the eye, thereby increasing the eye's sensitivity to dim light.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eae95c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ebd330 name="id" value="cite_ref-75">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ebd31c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ebd2f4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ebcd18 name="href" value="#cite_note-75">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ebccdc "[75]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae948 " Large pupils are an adaptation to dim light. The domestic cat has ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eae934 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ebc674 name="href" value="/wiki/Pupil#In_other_animals">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ebc660 name="title" value="Pupil">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ebc638 "slit pupils">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae90c ", which allow it to focus bright light without ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eae8f8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec3578 name="href" value="/wiki/Chromatic_aberration">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec3564 name="title" value="Chromatic aberration">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ec353c "chromatic aberration">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae8e4 ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eae8d0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec27cc name="id" value="cite_ref-76">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec27b8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ec2790 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec2cf4 name="href" value="#cite_note-76">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ec2dbc "[76]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae8a8 " At low light, a cat's pupils expand to cover most of the exposed surface of its eyes.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eae894 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec9838 name="id" value="cite_ref-77">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec9824 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ec97fc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec92c0 name="href" value="#cite_note-77">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ec9298 "[77]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae880 " However, the domestic cat has rather poor ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eae86c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec8b54 name="href" value="/wiki/Color_vision">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec8b40 name="title" value="Color vision">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ec8b18 "color vision">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae858 " and only two types of ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eae844 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec835c name="href" value="/wiki/Cone_cell">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec8348 name="title" value="Cone cell">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ec830c "cone cells">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae81c ", optimized for sensitivity to blue and yellowish green; its ability to distinguish between red and green is limited.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eae7f4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ecd924 name="id" value="cite_ref-78">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ecd910 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ecd8e8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ecd12c name="href" value="#cite_note-78">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ecd0f0 "[78]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae7e0 " A response to middle wavelengths from a system other than the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eae7cc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ecc984 name="href" value="/wiki/Rod_cell">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ecc95c name="title" value="Rod cell">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ecc934 "rod cells">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae7b8 " might be due to a third type of cone. However, this appears to be an adaptation to low light levels rather than representing true ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eae7a4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ed5fac name="href" value="/wiki/Trichromacy">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ed5f98 name="title" value="Trichromacy">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ed5f70 "trichromatic">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae790 " vision.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5eae768 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ed56ec name="id" value="cite_ref-79">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ed56d8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ed56b0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ed4df0 name="href" value="#cite_note-79">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ed4d8c "[79]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eae754 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef5438 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ed44f4 "The domestic cat's hearing is most acute in the range of 500 Hz to 32 kHz.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ed44e0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ed4134 name="id" value="cite_ref-80">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ed410c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ed40e4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5eddacc name="href" value="#cite_note-80">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5eddaa4 "[80]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ed44cc " It can detect an extremely broad range of frequencies ranging from 55 Hz to 79,000 Hz. It can hear a range of 10.5 ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ed44b8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5edd248 name="href" value="/wiki/Octave">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5edd20c name="title" value="Octave">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5edd1e4 "octaves">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ed4468 ", while humans and dogs can hear ranges of about 9 octaves.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ed4440 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5edc94c name="id" value="cite_ref-81">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5edc910 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5edc8e8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5edc2d0 name="href" value="#cite_note-81">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5edc2a8 "[81]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ed442c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ee1d20 name="id" value="cite_ref-82">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ee1d0c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ee1ce4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ee0330 name="href" value="#cite_note-82">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ee0308 "[82]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ed4418 "\nIts hearing sensitivity is enhanced by its large movable outer ears, the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ed4404 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ee7ba8 name="href" value="/wiki/Pinna_(anatomy)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ee7b94 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ee7b80 name="title" value="Pinna (anatomy)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ee7b58 "pinnae">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ed43f0 ", which amplify sounds and help detect the location of a noise. 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name="href" value="#cite_note-Bradshaw2006-93">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f30dbc "[93]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f1a670 " Cats also have a distinct temperature preference for their food, preferring food with a temperature around 38 °C (100 °F) which is similar to that of a fresh kill and routinely rejecting food presented cold or refrigerated (which would signal to the cat that the \"prey\" item is long dead and therefore possibly toxic or decomposing).">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f1a65c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f307a4 name="id" value="cite_ref-sch_91-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f30790 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f30768 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f30100 name="href" value="#cite_note-sch-91">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f300d8 "[91]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f1a648 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef5384 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3b58c "To aid with navigation and sensation, cats have dozens of movable ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f3b578 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3b280 name="href" value="/wiki/Vibrissa">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3b26c name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3b230 name="title" value="Vibrissa">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3b208 "whiskers (vibrissae)">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3b564 " over their body, especially their faces. These provide information on the width of gaps and on the location of objects in the dark, both by touching objects directly and by sensing air currents; they also trigger protective ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f3b550 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3a2a4 name="href" value="/wiki/Blink_reflex">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3a290 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3a27c name="title" value="Blink reflex">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3a254 "blink reflexes">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3b528 " to protect the eyes from damage.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f3b514 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f33760 name="id" value="cite_ref-Case_62-3">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3374c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f33724 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f330e4 name="href" value="#cite_note-Case-62">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f330bc "[62]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f3b500 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3289c name="class" value="reference">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f32888 name="style" value="white-space:nowrap;">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f32860 ":">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f3284c name="span" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f320f4 "47">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3b4ec "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef5334 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f35bf0 "Outdoor cats are active both day and night, although they tend to be slightly more active at night.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f35bdc name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f358f8 name="id" value="cite_ref-94">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f358e4 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f358a8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f35308 name="href" value="#cite_note-94">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f352cc "[94]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f35bc8 " Domestic cats spend the majority of their time in the vicinity of their homes, but can range many hundreds of meters from this central point. 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These territories are marked by ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f556bc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f61bc4 name="href" value="/wiki/Urine_spraying">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f61bb0 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f61b9c name="title" value="Urine spraying">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f61b74 "urine spraying">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f556a8 ", by rubbing objects at head height with secretions from facial glands, and by ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f55680 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f60fd0 name="href" value="/wiki/Defecation">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f60fbc name="title" value="Defecation">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f60f30 "defecation">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f5566c ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f55658 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f603b4 name="id" value="cite_ref-Sommerville_87-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f603a0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f60378 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f67e34 name="href" value="#cite_note-Sommerville-87">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f67e0c "[87]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f55644 " Between these territories are neutral areas where cats watch and greet one another without territorial conflicts. Outside these neutral areas, territory holders usually chase away stranger cats, at first by staring, hissing, and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f55630 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f677e0 name="href" value="/wiki/Growling">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f677cc name="title" value="Growling">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f677a4 "growling">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f5561c " and, if that does not work, by short but noisy and violent attacks. 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">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f6d320 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f6d078 name="href" value="/wiki/Ethology">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f6d064 name="title" value="Ethology">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f6d014 "Ethologically">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f6d30c ", the human keeper of a cat functions as a sort of surrogate for the cat's mother.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f6d2f8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f6c72c name="id" value="cite_ref-102">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f6c718 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f6c6f0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f75c14 name="href" value="#cite_note-102">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f75bec "[102]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f6d2e4 " Adult cats live their lives in a kind of extended kittenhood, a form of behavioral ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f6d2d0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f754f8 name="href" value="/wiki/Neoteny">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f754d0 name="title" value="Neoteny">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f75494 "neoteny">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f6d2bc ". Their high-pitched sounds may mimic the cries of a hungry human infant, making them particularly difficult for humans to ignore.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f6d2a8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f74508 name="id" value="cite_ref-McComb_2009_103-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f744f4 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f744b8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f7fe94 name="href" value="#cite_note-McComb_2009-103">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f7fe6c "[103]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f6d294 " However, some pet cats are poorly socialized. In particular, older cats show aggressiveness towards newly arrived kittens, which include biting and scratching; this type of behavior is known as feline asocial aggression.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f6d280 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f7f6ec name="id" value="cite_ref-Levine_2005_104-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f7f6d8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f7f6b0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f7f00c name="href" value="#cite_note-Levine_2005-104">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f7efe4 "[104]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f6d26c "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef5258 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f7e79c "Domestic cats' ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f7e788 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f7e4a4 name="href" value="/wiki/Scent_rubbing">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f7e490 name="title" value="Scent rubbing">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f7e454 "scent rubbing">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f7e774 " behavior towards humans or other cats is thought to be a feline means for social bonding.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f7e74c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f85c90 name="id" value="cite_ref-105">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f85c7c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f85c54 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f856b4 name="href" value="#cite_note-105">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8568c "[105]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f7e738 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef521c name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f84f70 "Domestic cats use many ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f84f5c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f84b4c name="href" value="/wiki/Animal_communication">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f84b24 name="title" value="Animal communication">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f84ae8 "vocalizations">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f84f48 " for communication, including ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f84f20 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8decc name="href" value="/wiki/Purr">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8deb8 name="title" value="Purr">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8de90 "purring">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f84ef8 ", ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f84ebc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8d738 name="href" value="/wiki/Trill_consonant">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8d724 name="title" value="Trill consonant">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d6fc "trilling">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f84ea8 ", hissing, growling/snarling, grunting, and several different forms of meowing.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f84e94 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8cfcc name="id" value="cite_ref-Moelk1944_7-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8cfb8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8cf68 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8c888 name="href" value="#cite_note-Moelk1944-7">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8c860 "[7]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f84e80 " Their ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f84e6c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8c298 name="href" value="/wiki/Cat_body_language">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8c284 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8c270 name="title" value="Cat body language">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8c248 "body language">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f84e58 ", including position of ears and tail, relaxation of the whole body, and kneading of the paws, are all indicators of mood. The tail and ears are particularly important social signal mechanisms in cats. A raised tail indicates a friendly greeting, and flattened ears indicates hostility. Tail-raising also indicates the cat's position in the group's ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f84e44 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8f90c name="href" value="/wiki/Social_hierarchy">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8f8f8 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8f8e4 name="title" value="Social hierarchy">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8f8bc "social hierarchy">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f84e30 ", with dominant individuals raising their tails less often than subordinate ones.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f84e1c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8ec14 name="id" value="cite_ref-106">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8ec00 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8ebd8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8e5fc name="href" value="#cite_note-106">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8e5d4 "[106]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f84e08 " Feral cats are generally silent.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f84df4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f95f14 name="id" value="cite_ref-Jensen_107-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f95eec name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f95ec4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9549c name="href" value="#cite_note-Jensen-107">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f95474 "[107]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f84de0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f94c7c name="class" value="reference">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f94c68 name="style" value="white-space:nowrap;">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f94c40 ":">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f94c2c name="span" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f94524 "208">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f84dcc " Nose-to-nose touching is also a common greeting and may be followed by ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f84db8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f940ec name="href" value="/wiki/Social_grooming">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f940d8 name="title" value="Social grooming">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f9409c "social grooming">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f84da4 ", which is solicited by one of the cats raising and tilting its head.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f84d90 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9b84c name="id" value="cite_ref-Crowell-davis2004_99-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9b838 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f9b7fc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9b298 name="href" value="#cite_note-Crowell-davis2004-99">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f9b270 "[99]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f84d7c "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef5208 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f9aa8c "Purring may have developed as an evolutionary advantage as a signaling mechanism of reassurance between mother cats and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f9aa64 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9a6a4 name="href" value="/wiki/Breastfeeding">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9a690 name="title" value="Breastfeeding">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f9a654 "nursing">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f9aa50 " kittens. Post-nursing cats often purr as a sign of contentment: when being petted, becoming relaxed,">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f9aa28 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa7cb4 name="id" value="cite_ref-BruelKjaer_108-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa7ca0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa7c64 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa746c name="href" value="#cite_note-BruelKjaer-108">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa7444 "[108]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f9aa14 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa6b98 name="id" value="cite_ref-IsnareCom_109-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa6b84 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa6b5c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa642c name="href" value="#cite_note-IsnareCom-109">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa6404 "[109]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f9a9ec " or eating. The mechanism by which cats purr is elusive. The cat has no unique anatomical feature that is clearly responsible for the sound.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f9a9d8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa9d98 name="id" value="cite_ref-CPEM_110-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa9d84 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa9d5c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa9820 name="href" value="#cite_note-CPEM-110">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa97f8 "[110]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f9a99c "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef51e0 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa90dc "Cats are known for spending considerable amounts of time licking their coats to keep them clean.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa90c8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa8d08 name="id" value="cite_ref-hairballs_111-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa8cf4 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa8ccc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa8790 name="href" value="#cite_note-hairballs-111">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa8768 "[111]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa90b4 " The cat's tongue has backwards-facing spines about 500 ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa90a0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa818c name="href" value="/wiki/Micrometre">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa8178 name="title" value="Micrometre">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa8150 "μm">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa908c " long, which are called ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa9078 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5faf84c name="href" value="/wiki/Lingual_papilla">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5faf838 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5faf824 name="title" value="Lingual papilla">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5faf7e8 "papillae">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa9064 ". These contain ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa9050 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fae9c4 name="href" value="/wiki/Keratin">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fae9b0 name="title" value="Keratin">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fae988 "keratin">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa903c " which makes them rigid">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa9028 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fae2a8 name="id" value="cite_ref-Boshel_1982_112-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fae294 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fae26c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb7c7c name="href" value="#cite_note-Boshel_1982-112">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fb7c2c "[112]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa9014 " so the papillae act like a hairbrush. Some cats, particularly longhaired cats, occasionally regurgitate ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa9000 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb7510 name="href" value="/wiki/Hairball">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb74fc name="title" value="Hairball">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fb74d4 "hairballs">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa8fec " of fur that have collected in their stomachs from grooming. These clumps of fur are usually sausage-shaped and about ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa8fd8 name="link" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb6cf0 name="rel" value="mw-deduplicated-inline-style">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb6cdc name="href" value="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1020198016">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa8fc4 "2–3 cm (">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa8fb0 name="span" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb6638 name="class" value="frac">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb6624 name="role" value="math">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fb65d4 name="span" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbecac name="class" value="num">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbf9cc "3">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fb65c0 "⁄">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fb65ac name="span" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbefe0 name="class" value="den">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbefb8 "4">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa8f88 "–">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa8f74 name="span" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbe93c name="class" value="frac">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbe928 name="role" value="math">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbe900 "1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbe8ec name="span" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbe20c name="class" value="sr-only">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbe1d0 "+">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbe8d8 name="span" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc9d3c name="class" value="num">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc9d14 "1">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbe8c4 "⁄">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbe8b0 name="span" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc974c name="class" value="den">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc9724 "4">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa8f4c " in) long. Hairballs can be prevented with remedies that ease elimination of the hair through the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa8f38 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc9058 name="href" value="/wiki/Gut_(anatomy)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc9044 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc9030 name="title" value="Gut (anatomy)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc9008 "gut">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa8f10 ", as well as regular grooming of the coat with a comb or stiff brush.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa8efc name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc8428 name="id" value="cite_ref-hairballs_111-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc8414 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc83c4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd1c44 name="href" value="#cite_note-hairballs-111">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fd1c08 "[111]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa8ee8 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef517c name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fd1244 "Among domestic cats, males are more likely to fight than females.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fd11a4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd0bc8 name="id" value="cite_ref-Lindell_113-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd0bb4 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fd0b8c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd05d8 name="href" value="#cite_note-Lindell-113">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fd0588 "[113]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fd1190 " Among feral cats, the most common reason for ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fd117c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb9fcc name="href" value="/wiki/Catfight_(animal_behavior)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb9fa4 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb9f90 name="title" value="Catfight (animal behavior)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fb9f68 "cat fighting">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fd1140 " is competition between two males to mate with a female. In such cases, most fights are won by the heavier male.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fd112c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb9590 name="id" value="cite_ref-courtship_114-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb957c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fb9554 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb8c08 name="href" value="#cite_note-courtship-114">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fb8be0 "[114]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fd1104 " Another common reason for fighting in domestic cats is the difficulty of establishing territories within a small home.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fd10f0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb853c name="id" value="cite_ref-Lindell_113-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb8528 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fb84ec name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc3f54 name="href" value="#cite_note-Lindell-113">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc3f2c "[113]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fd10dc " Female cats also fight over territory or to defend their kittens. Neutering will decrease or eliminate this behavior in many cases, suggesting that the behavior is linked to ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fd10b4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc3928 name="href" value="/wiki/Sex_hormone">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc3914 name="title" value="Sex hormone">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc38ec "sex hormones">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fd10a0 ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fd1078 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc30cc name="id" value="cite_ref-115">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc30b8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc3090 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc2a78 name="href" value="#cite_note-115">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc2a3c "[115]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fd1064 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef5140 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc22f8 "When cats become aggressive, they try to make themselves appear larger and more threatening by raising their fur, arching their backs, turning sideways and hissing or spitting.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc22d0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc2064 name="id" value="cite_ref-behaviourguide_116-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc2050 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc2028 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fdf934 name="href" value="#cite_note-behaviourguide-116">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fdf8f8 "[116]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc22bc " Often, the ears are pointed down and back to avoid damage to the inner ear and potentially listen for any changes behind them while focused forward. 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Cats also throw themselves to the ground in a defensive posture to rake their opponent's belly with their powerful hind legs.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc22a8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fdf0b0 name="id" value="cite_ref-HSUS_117-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fdf09c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fdf010 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fde64c name="href" value="#cite_note-HSUS-117">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fde624 "[117]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc2230 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef512c name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fe9f38 "Serious damage is rare, as the fights are usually short in duration, with the loser running away with little more than a few scratches to the face and ears. However, fights for mating rights are typically more severe and injuries may include deep puncture wounds and lacerations. Normally, serious injuries from fighting are limited to infections of scratches and bites, though these can occasionally kill cats if untreated. 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Therefore, when drinking they lap with the tongue to draw liquid upwards into their mouths. 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The frequency and size of meals varies between individuals. They select food based on its temperature, smell and texture; they dislike chilled foods and respond most strongly to moist foods rich in amino acids, which are similar to meat. Cats reject novel flavors (a response termed ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5899e04 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c589be5c name="href" value="/wiki/Neophobia">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c589bc90 name="title" value="Neophobia">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c589bbdc "neophobia">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5899c88 ") and learn quickly to ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5899c4c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c58ad1e8 name="href" value="/wiki/Taste_aversion">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c58acb58 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c58b7d64 name="title" value="Taste aversion">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c58b7ae4 "avoid foods that have tasted unpleasant">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5899bac " in the past.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5899b34 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c58d182c name="id" value="cite_ref-Bradshaw_101-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c58d1728 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c58d14f8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c57976a0 name="href" value="#cite_note-Bradshaw-101">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c57971f0 "[101]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5899af8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c59c5120 name="id" value="cite_ref-Zaghini_122-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c59c50d0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c59c4c98 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c59dfdf4 name="href" value="#cite_note-Zaghini-122">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c59dfd90 "[122]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5899a6c " It is also a common misconception that cats like milk/cream, as they tend to avoid sweet food and milk. Most adult cats are ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c589997c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c59f4448 name="href" value="/wiki/Lactose_intolerant">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c59f4434 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c59f4204 name="title" value="Lactose intolerant">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c59ef858 "lactose intolerant">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c58998a0 "; the sugar in milk is not easily digested and may cause soft stools or ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5899864 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a10dc8 name="href" value="/wiki/Diarrhea">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a106d4 name="title" value="Diarrhea">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a1c970 "diarrhea">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5899800 ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5899670 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a136e0 name="id" value="cite_ref-Kienzle_1994_123-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a136cc name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a136a4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a12b50 name="href" value="#cite_note-Kienzle_1994-123">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a12b28 "[123]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c589956c " Some also develop odd eating habits and like to eat or chew on things like wool, plastic, cables, paper, string, aluminum foil, or even coal. This condition, ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c58994a4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a23824 name="href" value="/wiki/Pica_(disorder)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a237fc name="title" value="Pica (disorder)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a237ac "pica">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c589947c ", can threaten their health, depending on the amount and toxicity of the items eaten.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c589942c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a22960 name="id" value="cite_ref-Bradshaw_1997_124-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a2294c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a22910 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a221a4 name="href" value="#cite_note-Bradshaw_1997-124">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a2217c "[124]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c58993f0 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef5064 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a27780 "Cats hunt small prey, primarily birds and rodents,">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a27730 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a26ed4 name="id" value="cite_ref-Woods_125-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a26e98 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a26e5c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a2d7e8 name="href" value="#cite_note-Woods-125">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a2d7c0 "[125]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a276f4 " and are often used as a form of pest control.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a276e0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a2cba4 name="id" value="cite_ref-126">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a2cb90 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a2cb68 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a39d90 name="href" value="#cite_note-126">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a39d40 "[126]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a276cc name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a39368 name="id" value="cite_ref-127">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a39340 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a39318 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a4fd20 name="href" value="#cite_note-127">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a4fcf8 "[127]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a276b8 " Cats use two hunting strategies, either stalking prey actively, or ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a276a4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a4e600 name="href" value="/wiki/Ambush_predator">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a4e5d8 name="title" value="Ambush predator">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a4e22c "waiting in ambush">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a27690 " until an animal comes close enough to be captured.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a27654 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a2e634 name="id" value="cite_ref-How_Cats_Evolved_to_Win_the_Internet_128-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a2e5e4 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a2e544 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a31d20 name="href" value="#cite_note-How_Cats_Evolved_to_Win_the_Internet-128">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a31ce4 "[128]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a27618 " The strategy used depends on the prey species in the area, with cats waiting in ambush outside burrows, but tending to actively stalk birds.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a275c8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a3153c name="id" value="cite_ref-Turner_2000_129-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a314ec name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a314c4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a30cf4 name="href" value="#cite_note-Turner_2000-129">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a30cb8 "[129]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a275b4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a30614 name="class" value="reference">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a30600 name="style" value="white-space:nowrap;">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a305b0 ":">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a30588 name="span" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a598fc "153">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a275a0 " Domestic cats are a major ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a2758c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a59050 name="href" value="/wiki/Cat_predation_on_wildlife">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a59000 name="title" value="Cat predation on wildlife">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a58fb0 "predator of wildlife">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a27528 " in the United States, killing an estimated 1.3 to 4.0 billion birds and 6.3 to 22.3 billion mammals annually.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a27514 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a60094 name="id" value="cite_ref-NC012913_130-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a71b78 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a718bc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5aec5e4 name="href" value="#cite_note-NC012913-130">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5aec544 "[130]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a274ec "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef5050 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5af395c "Certain species appear more susceptible than others; for example, 30% of house sparrow mortality is linked to the domestic cat.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5af386c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5af633c name="id" value="cite_ref-Chucher_1987_131-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5af7778 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5af7f20 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5afad10 name="href" value="#cite_note-Chucher_1987-131">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5afab44 "[131]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5af3704 " In the recovery of ringed robins (">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5af368c name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5afe71c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b03ca8 name="href" value="/wiki/Erithacus_rubecula">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b03c6c name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b03aa0 name="title" value="Erithacus rubecula">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b03a78 "Erithacus rubecula">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5af3678 ") and dunnocks (">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5af359c name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b0cf10 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b0c6f0 name="href" value="/wiki/Prunella_modularis">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b0c6dc name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b0c678 name="title" value="Prunella modularis">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b0c650 "Prunella modularis">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5af3588 "), 31% of deaths were a result of cat predation.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5af34fc name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b14918 name="id" value="cite_ref-Mead_1982_183–186_132-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b14774 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b146c0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b1bb14 name="href" value="#cite_note-Mead_1982_183–186-132">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b1ba24 "[132]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5af3434 " In parts of North America, the presence of larger carnivores such as ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5af33f8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b1ee7c name="href" value="/wiki/Coyote">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b1ed78 name="title" value="Coyote">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b1ecd8 "coyotes">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5af33bc " which prey on cats and other small predators reduces the effect of predation by cats and other small predators such as ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5af331c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b22158 name="href" value="/wiki/Opossum">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b22130 name="title" value="Opossum">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b220b8 "opossums">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5af3100 " and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5af30c4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b29e1c name="href" value="/wiki/Raccoon">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b29df4 name="title" value="Raccoon">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b29c8c "raccoons">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5af30b0 " on bird numbers and variety.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5af2ffc name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b2dad0 name="id" value="cite_ref-Crooks_1999_133-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b2dabc name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b2d88c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b2c090 name="href" value="#cite_note-Crooks_1999-133">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b31fcc "[133]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5af2fe8 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef5028 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b409a0 "Perhaps the best-known element of cats' hunting behavior, which is commonly misunderstood and often appalls cat owners because it looks like torture, is that cats often appear to \"play\" with prey by releasing it after capture. This ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b408d8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b47250 name="href" value="/wiki/Cat_and_mouse">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b471d8 name="title" value="Cat and mouse">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b47160 "cat and mouse">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b404b4 " behavior is due to an instinctive imperative to ensure that the prey is weak enough to be killed without endangering the cat.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b4002c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b4c930 name="id" value="cite_ref-134">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b4c87c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b4c7a0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b50904 name="href" value="#cite_note-134">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b508c8 "[134]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b450b8 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4fc4 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b59a04 "Another poorly understood element of cat hunting behavior is the presentation of prey to human guardians. One explanation is that cats adopt humans into their social group and share excess kill with others in the group according to the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b59950 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b58050 name="href" value="/wiki/Dominance_hierarchy">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b5cde4 name="title" value="Dominance hierarchy">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b5df50 "dominance hierarchy">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b59928 ", in which humans are reacted to as if they are at, or near, the top.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b597ac name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b66fb0 name="id" value="cite_ref-Leyhausen_1978_135-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b66ec0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b66df8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b76d98 name="href" value="#cite_note-Leyhausen_1978-135">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b76ac8 "[135]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b596bc " Another explanation is that they attempt to teach their guardians to hunt or to help their human as if feeding \"an elderly cat, or an inept kitten\".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b59554 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b7ee94 name="id" value="cite_ref-Morris_Catwatching_1_136-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b7fa9c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b7fd94 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b81a68 name="href" value="#cite_note-Morris_Catwatching_1-136">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b81900 "[136]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b593ec " This hypothesis is inconsistent with the fact that male cats also bring home prey, despite males having negligible involvement in raising kittens.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b59284 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b88958 name="id" value="cite_ref-Turner_2000_129-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b88868 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b88674 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b90630 name="href" value="#cite_note-Turner_2000-129">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b905e0 "[129]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b59180 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b997d0 name="class" value="reference">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5b99758 name="style" value="white-space:nowrap;">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b996f4 ":">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5b996a4 name="span" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ba1f20 "153">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5b590cc "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4f88 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ba54b8 "Domestic cats, especially young kittens, are known for their love of play. This behavior mimics hunting and is important in helping kittens learn to stalk, capture, and kill prey.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ba53a0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ba9bf8 name="id" value="cite_ref-137">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ba9ba8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ba9a18 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5bad758 name="href" value="#cite_note-137">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5bad6f4 "[137]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ba538c " Cats also engage in play fighting, with each other and with humans. This behavior may be a way for cats to practice the skills needed for real combat, and might also reduce any fear they associate with launching attacks on other animals.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ba5314 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5bdc274 name="id" value="cite_ref-138">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5bdc260 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5bdc238 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5beac84 name="href" value="#cite_note-138">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5beab30 "[138]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ba5170 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4f74 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5bef57c "Cats also tend to play with toys more when they are hungry.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5bef4b4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5bee834 name="id" value="cite_ref-139">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5bee7f8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5bee758 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5bf11d8 name="href" value="#cite_note-139">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5bf119c "[139]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5bef4a0 " Owing to the close similarity between play and hunting, cats prefer to play with objects that resemble prey, such as small furry toys that move rapidly, but rapidly lose interest. They become ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5bef3c4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5bf4504 name="href" value="/wiki/Habituation">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5bf44c8 name="title" value="Habituation">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5bf4310 "habituated">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5bef388 " to a toy they have played with before.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5bef0f4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5bf89ec name="id" value="cite_ref-140">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5bf8988 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5bf87d0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5bfd1cc name="href" value="#cite_note-140">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5bfd1a4 "[140]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5bef054 " String is often used as a toy, but if it is eaten, it can become caught at the base of the cat's tongue and then move into the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5bef018 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c01da8 name="href" value="/wiki/Intestine">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c01d80 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c01d30 name="title" value="Intestine">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c01c7c "intestines">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5bef004 ", a medical emergency which can cause serious illness, even death.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5beefdc name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c0389c name="id" value="cite_ref-141">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c03888 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c0366c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c07c30 name="href" value="#cite_note-141">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c07be0 "[141]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5beefb4 " Owing to the risks posed by cats eating string, it is sometimes replaced with a ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5beefa0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c06b00 name="href" value="/wiki/Laser_pointer">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c06ab0 name="title" value="Laser pointer">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c069fc "laser pointer">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5beef50 "'s dot, which cats may chase.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5beeeb0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c0b18c name="id" value="cite_ref-142">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c0b150 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c0b038 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c12bd0 name="href" value="#cite_note-142">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c12b08 "[142]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5beee38 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4f4c name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c1da58 "Female cats, called queens, are ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c1d9f4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c23e6c name="href" value="/wiki/Polyestrous">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c23e58 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c23e44 name="title" value="Polyestrous">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c23de0 "polyestrous">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c1d8a0 " with several ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c1c234 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c22878 name="href" value="/wiki/Estrus">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c22800 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c227ec name="title" value="Estrus">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c22738 "estrus">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c1c220 " cycles during a year, lasting usually 21 days. They are usually ready to mate between early February and August.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c1c1e4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c270bc name="id" value="cite_ref-Jemmett1977_143-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c27044 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c26fe0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c26400 name="href" value="#cite_note-Jemmett1977-143">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c26388 "[143]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c1c16c "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4ee8 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c28624 "Several males, called tomcats, are attracted to a female in heat. They fight over her, and the victor wins the right to mate. At first, the female rejects the male, but eventually, the female allows the male to mate. The female utters a loud yowl as the male pulls out of her because a male cat's ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c28598 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c2db9c name="href" value="/wiki/Penis">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c2db88 name="title" value="Penis">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c2da98 "penis">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c28584 " has a band of about 120–150 backward-pointing ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c28570 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c30fcc name="href" value="/wiki/Penile_spines">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c30f40 name="title" value="Penile spines">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c30ef0 "penile spines">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c284bc ", which are about ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c283f4 name="link" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c347a8 name="rel" value="mw-deduplicated-inline-style">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c34758 name="href" value="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1020198016">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c283e0 "1 mm (">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c283b8 name="span" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c361ac name="class" value="frac">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c36198 name="role" value="math">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c36094 name="span" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c3a3ec name="class" value="num">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c3a374 "1">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c36080 "⁄">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c3aa7c name="span" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c43a8c name="class" value="den">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c43910 "32">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c2837c " in) long; upon withdrawal of the penis, the spines may provide the female with increased sexual stimulation, which acts to ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c282dc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c46804 name="href" value="/wiki/Induced_ovulation_(animals)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c467a0 name="title" value="Induced ovulation (animals)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c46700 "induce ovulation">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c282c8 ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c2823c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c4957c name="id" value="cite_ref-Aronson_1967_144-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c49568 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c49540 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c48924 name="href" value="#cite_note-Aronson_1967-144">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c485dc "[144]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c28228 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4eac name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c4d58c "After mating, the female cleans her ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c4d564 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c4ce34 name="href" value="/wiki/Vulva">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c4cdbc name="title" value="Vulva">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c4cd94 "vulva">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c4d550 " thoroughly. If a male attempts to mate with her at this point, the female attacks him. After about 20 to 30 minutes, once the female is finished grooming, the cycle will repeat.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c4d514 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c51a9c name="id" value="cite_ref-compendium_145-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c51a88 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c51a10 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c504a8 name="href" value="#cite_note-compendium-145">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c50458 "[145]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c4d500 "\nBecause ovulation is not always triggered by a single mating, females may not be impregnated by the first male with which they mate.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c4d4ec name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c54fe4 name="id" value="cite_ref-Wildt_1980_146-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c54fd0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c54f94 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c54120 name="href" value="#cite_note-Wildt_1980-146">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c540a8 "[146]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c4d4d8 " Furthermore, cats are ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c4d474 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c58dc4 name="href" value="/wiki/Superfecundation">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c58db0 name="title" value="Superfecundation">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c58d10 "superfecund">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c4d460 "; that is, a female may mate with more than one male when she is in heat, with the result that different kittens in a litter may have different fathers.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c4d424 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c5bb78 name="id" value="cite_ref-compendium_145-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c5bb50 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c5bad8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c5ac50 name="href" value="#cite_note-compendium-145">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c5ac28 "[145]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c4d3ac "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4e98 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c5ec38 "The ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c5ebd4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c5e134 name="href" value="/wiki/Morula">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c5e10c name="title" value="Morula">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c5e094 "morula">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c5eb70 " forms 124 hours after conception. At 148 hours, early ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c5eb5c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c62be4 name="href" value="/wiki/Blastocyst">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c62bd0 name="title" value="Blastocyst">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c62ba8 "blastocysts">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c5eb48 " form. At 10–12 days, implantation occurs.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c5eb0c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c679f0 name="id" value="cite_ref-147">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c679dc name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c67964 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c66a28 name="href" value="#cite_note-147">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c66910 "[147]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c5ead0 "\nThe ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c5eaa8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c6bc1c name="href" value="/wiki/Gestation">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c6bbf4 name="title" value="Gestation">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c6bbb8 "gestation">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c5e918 " of queens lasts between 64 and 67 days, with an average of 65 days.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c5e544 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c6a40c name="id" value="cite_ref-Jemmett1977_143-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c6a3e4 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c6a380 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c6d42c name="href" value="#cite_note-Jemmett1977-143">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c6d10c "[143]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c5e508 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c6c504 name="id" value="cite_ref-Tsutsui_1993_148-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c6c4f0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c6c48c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c71888 name="href" value="#cite_note-Tsutsui_1993-148">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c717d4 "[148]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c5e4f4 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4e70 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c7553c "Data on the reproductive capacity of more than 2,300 free-ranging queens were collected during a study between May 1998 and October 2000. They had one to six kittens per ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c754d8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c743a8 name="href" value="/wiki/Litter_(animal)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c742e0 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c742cc name="title" value="Litter (animal)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c742a4 "litter">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c75050 ", with an average of three kittens. They produced a mean of 1.4 litters per year, but a maximum of three litters in a year. Of 169 kittens, 127 died before they were six months old due to a trauma caused in most cases by dog attacks and road accidents.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c74fd8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c783cc name="id" value="cite_ref-Nutter2004_9-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c783b8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c78340 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c7d804 name="href" value="#cite_note-Nutter2004-9">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c7d7b4 "[9]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c74f60 "\nThe first litter is usually smaller than subsequent litters. Kittens are weaned between six and seven weeks of age. Queens normally reach sexual maturity at 5–10 months, and males at 5–7 months. This varies depending on breed.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c74934 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c7c8b4 name="id" value="cite_ref-compendium_145-2">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c7c878 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c7c850 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c7f8fc name="href" value="#cite_note-compendium-145">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c7f8d4 "[145]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c7490c " Kittens reach ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c748f8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c7e90c name="href" value="/wiki/Puberty">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c7e8e4 name="title" value="Puberty">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c7e880 "puberty">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c748d0 " at the age of 9–10 months.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c748a8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c82610 name="id" value="cite_ref-Jemmett1977_143-2">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c825fc name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c82444 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c86cec name="href" value="#cite_note-Jemmett1977-143">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c86cb0 "[143]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c7486c "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4e20 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8becc "Cats are ready to go to new homes at about 12 weeks of age, when they are ready to leave their mother.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c8be40 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c8b634 name="id" value="cite_ref-149">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c8b620 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c8b5f8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c8a57c name="href" value="#cite_note-149">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8a48c "[149]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8be04 " They can be surgically ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c8bdb4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c8f25c name="href" value="/wiki/Neutering">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c8f234 name="title" value="Neutering">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8ed5c "sterilized">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8bd8c " (spayed or ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c8bd78 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c91304 name="href" value="/wiki/Castration">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c912b4 name="title" value="Castration">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c9128c "castrated">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8bd28 ") as early as seven weeks to limit unwanted reproduction.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c8bd00 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c95f6c name="id" value="cite_ref-150">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c95f58 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c95f08 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c9529c name="href" value="#cite_note-150">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c95238 "[150]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8bcd8 " This surgery also prevents undesirable sex-related behavior, such as aggression, ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c8bcc4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c944b4 name="href" value="/wiki/Spraying_(animal_behavior)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c944a0 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c9448c name="title" value="Spraying (animal behavior)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c9443c "territory marking">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8bc74 " (spraying urine) in males and yowling (calling) in females. Traditionally, this surgery was performed at around six to nine months of age, but it is increasingly being performed before ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c8bc60 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c98578 name="href" value="/wiki/Puberty">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c98528 name="title" value="Puberty">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c984ec "puberty">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8bc4c ", at about three to six months.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c8bc10 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c9b048 name="id" value="cite_ref-151">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c9b00c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c9afe4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c9ffbc name="href" value="#cite_note-151">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c9ff44 "[151]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8bbe8 " In the United States, about 80% of household cats are neutered.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c8bbd4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c9ea54 name="id" value="cite_ref-152">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5c9ea04 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5c9e9dc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ca3464 name="href" value="#cite_note-152">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ca33ec "[152]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5c8bb70 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4de4 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ca57b4 "The average lifespan of pet cats has risen in recent decades. In the early 1980s, it was about seven years,">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ca57a0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ca4cb0 name="id" value="cite_ref-Kraft_1998_153-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ca4c74 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ca4c24 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ca9f1c name="href" value="#cite_note-Kraft_1998-153">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ca9ecc "[153]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ca5778 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ca8dd8 name="class" value="reference">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ca8d74 name="style" value="white-space:nowrap;">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ca8d10 ":">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ca8cac name="span" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cad784 "33">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ca5714 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cacc1c name="id" value="cite_ref-Nassar_1984_154-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cacba4 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cacb7c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cafed0 name="href" value="#cite_note-Nassar_1984-154">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cafe58 "[154]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ca56b0 " rising to 9.4 years in 1995">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ca564c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cae634 name="id" value="cite_ref-Kraft_1998_153-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cae5d0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cae5a8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cb2e64 name="href" value="#cite_note-Kraft_1998-153">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb2dd8 "[153]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ca5638 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cb76bc name="class" value="reference">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5cb76a8 name="style" value="white-space:nowrap;">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb7658 ":">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5cb761c name="span" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5cb6410 "33">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ca5610 " and 15.1 years in 2018.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ca55e8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db3ed0 name="id" value="cite_ref-155">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db3ebc name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5db3e94 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db3674 name="href" value="#cite_note-155">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5db3610 "[155]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ca55c0 " Some cats have been reported as surviving into their 30s,">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ca55ac name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db2bfc name="id" value="cite_ref-30yo_156-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db2be8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5db2bc0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db265c name="href" value="#cite_note-30yo-156">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5db2634 "[156]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ca555c " with the oldest known cat, ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ca5534 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5db2008 name="href" value="/wiki/Creme_Puff_(cat)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfc52c name="title" value="Creme Puff (cat)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5dfce00 "Creme Puff">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ca5494 ", dying at a verified age of 38.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ca5480 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfd918 name="id" value="cite_ref-G2010_157-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfd904 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5dfd8dc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfd2d8 name="href" value="#cite_note-G2010-157">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5dfd29c "[157]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ca53f4 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4dd0 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5dfc9dc "Neutering increases life expectancy: one study found castrated male cats live twice as long as intact males, while spayed female cats live 62% longer than intact females.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5dfc9c8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfc680 name="id" value="cite_ref-Kraft_1998_153-2">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfc658 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5dfc630 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dfffc4 name="href" value="#cite_note-Kraft_1998-153">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5dfff38 "[153]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5dfc9a0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dff8a8 name="class" value="reference">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5dff894 name="style" 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children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e22a38 "animal models">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e1296c " in the study of the human diseases.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e12958 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e25f30 name="id" value="cite_ref-160">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e25f1c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e25ef4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e25968 name="href" value="#cite_note-160">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e25940 "[160]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e12944 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e2538c name="id" value="cite_ref-161">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e25378 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e25350 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e24cfc name="href" value="#cite_note-161">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e24cd4 "[161]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e12930 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">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e1282c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e261b0 name="href" value="/wiki/Feline_vaccination">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e2619c name="title" value="Feline vaccination">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e26174 "Vaccinations">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e12818 " are available for many infectious diseases, as are treatments to eliminate parasites such as worms, ticks, and fleas.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e12804 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e339a0 name="id" value="cite_ref-162">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3398c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e33950 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e33130 name="href" value="#cite_note-162">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e330f4 "[162]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e127f0 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4d58 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e32744 "The domestic cat is a ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e3271c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e32140 name="href" value="/wiki/Cosmopolitan_species">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e32118 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e320c8 name="title" value="Cosmopolitan species">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3a5e8 "cosmopolitan species">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e32708 " and occurs across much of the world.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e326e0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3b1c8 name="id" value="cite_ref-Lipinski_57-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3b1b4 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e3b178 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3aaac name="href" value="#cite_note-Lipinski-57">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3aa84 "[57]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e326cc " It is adaptable and now present on all continents except ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e326a4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3a354 name="href" value="/wiki/Antarctica">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3a340 name="title" value="Antarctica">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3a318 "Antarctica">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e32690 ", and on 118 of the 131 main groups of islands, even on the isolated ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e3267c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3dcac name="href" value="/wiki/Kerguelen_Islands">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3dc98 name="title" value="Kerguelen Islands">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3dc70 "Kerguelen Islands">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e32654 ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e32640 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3d554 name="id" value="cite_ref-163">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3d540 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e3d518 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3ce88 name="href" value="#cite_note-163">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3ce60 "[163]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e3262c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3c8c0 name="id" value="cite_ref-164">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3c85c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e3c834 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3c2f8 name="href" value="#cite_note-164">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3c2d0 "[164]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e32618 "\nDue to its ability to thrive in almost any terrestrial habitat, it is among the world's most ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e32604 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3fd7c name="href" value="/wiki/Invasive_species">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3fd68 name="title" value="Invasive species">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3fd40 "invasive species">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e325f0 ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e325c8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3f5c0 name="id" value="cite_ref-165">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3f5ac name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e3f584 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3eef4 name="href" value="#cite_note-165">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3eecc "[165]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e325b4 "\nAs it is little altered from the wildcat, it can readily interbreed with the wildcat. This ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e325a0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3e828 name="href" value="/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3e814 name="title" value="Hybrid (biology)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3e7ec "hybridization">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3258c " poses a danger to the genetic distinctiveness of some wildcat populations, particularly in ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e32578 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3e094 name="href" value="/wiki/Scotland">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e3e080 name="title" value="Scotland">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3e044 "Scotland">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e32550 " and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e3253c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e43620 name="href" value="/wiki/Hungary">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e4360c name="title" value="Hungary">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e435e4 "Hungary">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e32500 " and possibly also the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e324ec name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e42dec name="href" value="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e42dd8 name="title" value="Iberian Peninsula">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e42db0 "Iberian Peninsula">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e324c4 ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e324b0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e4216c name="id" value="cite_ref-Oliveira_54-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e42130 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e42090 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e4b474 name="href" value="#cite_note-Oliveira-54">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e4b44c "[54]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3249c " It lives on small islands with no human inhabitants.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e32460 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e4ad30 name="id" value="cite_ref-166">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e4ad1c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e4acf4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e4a614 name="href" value="#cite_note-166">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e4a5ec "[166]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e3244c "\nFeral cats can live in forests, grasslands, tundra, coastal areas, agricultural land, scrublands, urban areas, and wetlands.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e32438 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e51c48 name="id" value="cite_ref-ISSG_2006_167-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e51c34 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e51c0c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e513ec name="href" value="#cite_note-ISSG_2006-167">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e51388 "[167]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e32424 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4d1c name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e50924 "Feral cats are domestic cats that were born in or have reverted to a wild state. They are unfamiliar with and wary of humans and roam freely in urban and rural areas.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e508fc name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e505a0 name="id" value="cite_ref-Rochlitz_10-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e5058c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e50564 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e594ac name="href" value="#cite_note-Rochlitz-10">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e59f88 "[10]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e508e8 " The numbers of feral cats is not known, but estimates of the United States feral population range from twenty-five to sixty million.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e508d4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e596a0 name="id" value="cite_ref-Rochlitz_10-2">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e5968c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e59650 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e58c14 name="href" value="#cite_note-Rochlitz-10">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e58bec "[10]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e508c0 " Feral cats may live alone, but most are found in large ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e5085c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e58520 name="href" value="/wiki/Feral_cat_colonies">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e5850c name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e584f8 name="title" value="Feral cat colonies">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e584d0 "colonies">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e50848 ", which occupy a specific territory and are usually associated with a source of food.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e50834 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e5fc1c name="id" value="cite_ref-hsus-feral_168-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e5fbe0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e5fbb8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e5f4d8 name="href" value="#cite_note-hsus-feral-168">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e5f4b0 "[168]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e5080c " Famous feral cat colonies are found in Rome around the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e507f8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e5ee70 name="href" value="/wiki/Colosseum">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e5ee5c name="title" value="Colosseum">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e5ee20 "Colosseum">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e507e4 " and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e507d0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e5e68c name="href" value="/wiki/Forum_Romanum">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e5e678 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e5e664 name="title" value="Forum Romanum">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e5e63c "Forum Romanum">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e507bc ", with cats at some of these sites being fed and given medical attention by volunteers.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e507a8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e63d80 name="id" value="cite_ref-169">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e63d6c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e63d44 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e634ac name="href" value="#cite_note-169">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e63484 "[169]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e50794 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4d08 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e62d04 "Public attitudes towards feral cats vary widely, from seeing them as free-ranging pets to regarding them as vermin.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e62cf0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e629a8 name="id" value="cite_ref-170">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e62994 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e6296c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e623f4 name="href" value="#cite_note-170">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e623cc "[170]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e62cdc " One common approach to reducing the feral cat population is termed \"trap-neuter-return\", where the cats are trapped, ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e62cc8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e71e08 name="href" value="/wiki/Neutering">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e71df4 name="title" value="Neutering">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e71dcc "neutered">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e62cb4 ", ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e62ca0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e71660 name="href" value="/wiki/Immunization">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e7164c name="title" value="Immunization">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e71624 "immunized">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e62c8c " against diseases such as ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e62c78 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e70ecc name="href" value="/wiki/Rabies">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e70eb8 name="title" value="Rabies">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e70e90 "rabies">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e62c64 " and the feline ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e62c50 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e706e8 name="href" value="/wiki/Panleukopenia">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e706d4 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e706c0 name="title" value="Panleukopenia">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e70684 "panleukopenia">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e62c3c " and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e62c28 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e77b78 name="href" value="/wiki/Feline_leukemia_virus">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e77b64 name="title" value="Feline leukemia virus">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e77b3c "leukemia viruses">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e62c14 ", and then released.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e62c00 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e77240 name="id" value="cite_ref-171">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e7722c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5e77204 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5e76994 name="href" value="#cite_note-171">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e7696c "[171]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5e62bec " Before releasing them back into their feral colonies, the attending veterinarian often nips the tip off one ear to mark it as neutered and inoculated, since these cats may be trapped again. Volunteers continue to feed and give care to these cats throughout their lives. 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make a cat-fur coat).">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ebdf88 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec9acc name="id" value="cite_ref-188">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec9a90 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ec9a68 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec93b0 name="href" value="#cite_note-188">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ec9388 "[188]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ebdf74 " This use has been outlawed in the United States since 2000 and in the European Union (as well as the United Kingdom) since 2007.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ebdf60 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec8be0 name="id" value="cite_ref-189">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec8bcc name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ec8ba4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5ec85a0 name="href" value="#cite_note-189">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5ec8578 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He is reported to have photographed 90,000 cats during his career and maintained an archive of 225,000 images that he drew from for publications during his lifetime.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5edcce4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f005f4 name="id" value="cite_ref-200">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f005e0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f005b8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0b15c name="href" value="#cite_note-200">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0bd3c "[200]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5edccd0 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4b50 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0b698 "A ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0b684 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0b300 name="href" value="/wiki/Cat_show">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0b2c4 name="title" value="Cat show">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0b29c "cat show">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0b670 " is a judged event in which the owners of cats compete to win titles in various cat-registering organizations by entering their cats to be judged after a breed standard.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0b648 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0ab30 name="id" value="cite_ref-:0_201-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0ab1c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0aaf4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0a4dc name="href" value="#cite_note-:0-201">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0a4a0 "[201]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0b634 " It is often required that a cat must be healthy and vaccinated in order to participate in a cat show.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0b620 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0dec0 name="id" value="cite_ref-:0_201-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0deac name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0de84 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0d858 name="href" value="#cite_note-:0-201">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0d830 "[201]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0b60c " Both ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0b5f8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0d1dc name="href" value="/wiki/Pedigree_(cat)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0d1c8 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0d1b4 name="title" value="Pedigree (cat)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0d18c "pedigreed">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0b5e4 " and non-">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0b5d0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0c804 name="href" value="/wiki/Purebred">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0c7dc name="title" value="Purebred">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0c78c "purebred">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0b5a8 " companion (\"moggy\") cats are admissible, although the rules differ depending on the organization. Competing cats are compared to the applicable breed standard, and assessed for temperament.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0b594 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0c020 name="id" value="cite_ref-:0_201-2">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0c00c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0e6a4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0fa7c name="href" value="#cite_note-:0-201">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0fa54 "[201]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0b580 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4b28 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f310 "Cats can be infected or infested with ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f2fc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0ee24 name="href" value="/wiki/Virus">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0ed84 name="title" value="Virus">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0ed5c "viruses">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f2c0 ", ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f2ac name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0e5dc name="href" value="/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f0e5c8 name="title" value="Pathogenic bacteria">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0e5a0 "bacteria">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f298 ", ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f284 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f15ef4 name="href" value="/wiki/Fungus">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f15e90 name="title" value="Fungus">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f15e68 "fungus">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f25c ", ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f248 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f15684 name="href" value="/wiki/Protozoans">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f15670 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f1565c name="title" value="Protozoans">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f15634 "protozoans">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f20c ", ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f1f8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f14cc0 name="href" value="/wiki/Arthropod">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f14c48 name="title" value="Arthropod">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f14c20 "arthropods">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f1e4 " or worms that can transmit diseases to humans.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f1d0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f14414 name="id" value="cite_ref-Chomel2014_202-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f14400 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f143d8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f1bee4 name="href" value="#cite_note-Chomel2014-202">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f1bebc "[202]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f1bc " In some cases, the cat exhibits no ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f1a8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f1b82c name="href" value="/wiki/Symptoms">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f1b818 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f1b7f0 name="title" value="Symptoms">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f1b7c8 "symptoms">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f194 " of the disease,">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f180 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f1adb4 name="id" value="cite_ref-Ohio2016_203-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f1ada0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f1ad78 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f1a7ec name="href" value="#cite_note-Ohio2016-203">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f1a634 "[203]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f16c " However, the same disease can then become evident in a human. The likelihood that a person will become diseased depends on the age and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f158 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f21d1c name="href" value="/wiki/Immunity_(medical)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f21c2c name="title" value="Immunity (medical)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f21b8c "immune">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f144 " status of the person. Humans who have cats living in their home or in close association are more likely to become infected, however, those who do not keep cats as pets might also acquire infections from cat ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f130 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f21380 name="href" value="/wiki/Feces">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f2136c name="title" value="Feces">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f21344 "feces">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f11c " and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f108 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f20a20 name="href" value="/wiki/Parasite">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f20a0c name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f209f8 name="title" value="Parasite">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f209d0 "parasites">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f0f4 " exiting the cat's body.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f0cc name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f299a4 name="id" value="cite_ref-Chomel2014_202-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f29990 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f29968 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f29008 name="href" value="#cite_note-Chomel2014-202">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f28fe0 "[202]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f0b8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f28888 name="id" value="cite_ref-StullBrophy2015_204-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f28874 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f2884c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f2825c name="href" value="#cite_note-StullBrophy2015-204">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f28234 "[204]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f0a4 " Some of the infections of most concern include ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f090 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f31c6c name="href" value="/wiki/Salmonella">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f31c58 name="title" value="Salmonella">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f31c30 "salmonella">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f07c ", ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f068 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3144c name="href" value="/wiki/Cat-scratch_disease">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f313e8 name="title" value="Cat-scratch disease">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f313c0 "cat-scratch disease">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f054 " and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f040 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f30bc8 name="href" value="/wiki/Toxoplasmosis">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f30bb4 name="title" value="Toxoplasmosis">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f30b8c "toxoplasmosis">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f02c ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f0f018 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3036c name="id" value="cite_ref-Ohio2016_203-1">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f30344 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f30308 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3ba28 name="href" value="#cite_note-Ohio2016-203">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3b9ec "[203]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f0f004 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4ac4 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3ae70 "In ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f3ae20 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3a808 name="href" value="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3a7f4 name="title" value="Ancient Egypt">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3a7a4 "ancient Egypt">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3ae0c ", cats were ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f3ada8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f33ef4 name="href" value="/wiki/Animal_worship">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f33ee0 name="title" value="Animal worship">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f33e90 "worshipped">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3ad44 ", and the goddess ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f3ad30 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f33580 name="href" value="/wiki/Bastet">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3356c name="title" value="Bastet">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f33530 "Bastet">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3ad1c " often depicted in cat form, sometimes taking on the war-like aspect of a lioness. The Greek historian ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f3ace0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f32b6c name="href" value="/wiki/Herodotus">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f32b30 name="title" value="Herodotus">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f32acc "Herodotus">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3accc " reported that killing a cat was forbidden, and when a household cat died, the entire family mourned and shaved their eyebrows. Families took their dead cats to the sacred city of ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f3acb8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f32144 name="href" value="/wiki/Bubastis">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f32130 name="title" value="Bubastis">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f320e0 "Bubastis">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3ac90 ", where they were embalmed and buried in sacred repositories. Herodotus expressed astonishment at the domestic cats in Egypt, because he had only ever seen wildcats.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f3ac54 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f35808 name="id" value="cite_ref-Malek1997_205-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f357e0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f357b8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f351b4 name="href" value="#cite_note-Malek1997-205">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f35178 "[205]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3ac40 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4a88 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f346d8 "Ancient Greeks and Romans kept ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f346c4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f341b0 name="href" value="/wiki/Weasel">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f3419c name="title" value="Weasel">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f34174 "weasels">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f346b0 " as pets, which were seen as the ideal rodent-killers. The earliest unmistakable evidence of the Greeks having domestic cats comes from two coins from ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f3469c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f4d958 name="href" value="/wiki/Magna_Graecia">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f4d930 name="title" value="Magna Graecia">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f4d908 "Magna Graecia">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f34688 " dating to the mid-fifth century BC showing Iokastos and Phalanthos, the legendary founders of ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f34674 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f4cfbc name="href" value="/wiki/Reggio_Calabria">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f4cfa8 name="title" value="Reggio Calabria">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f4cf6c "Rhegion">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f34660 " and ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f3464c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f4c260 name="href" value="/wiki/Taranto">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f4c24c name="title" value="Taranto">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f4c1c0 "Taras">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f34638 " respectively, playing with their pet cats. The usual ancient Greek word for 'cat' was ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f34610 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f51684 name="lang" value="grc-Latn">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f51670 name="title" value="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f51620 "ailouros">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f345fc ", meaning 'thing with the waving tail'. Cats are rarely mentioned in ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f345d4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f50a2c name="href" value="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_literature">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f50a18 name="title" value="Ancient Greek literature">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f509f0 "ancient Greek literature">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f345c0 ". ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f345ac name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f501f8 name="href" value="/wiki/Aristotle">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f501e4 name="title" value="Aristotle">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f501bc "Aristotle">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f34598 " remarked in his ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f34584 name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f55a90 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f55900 name="href" value="/wiki/History_of_Animals">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f558ec name="title" value="History of Animals">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f558c4 "History of Animals">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f34570 " that \"female cats are naturally ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f3455c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f54e24 name="href" value="/wiki/Promiscuity">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f54e10 name="title" value="Promiscuity">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f54de8 "lecherous">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f34548 ".\" The Greeks later ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f34534 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f545f0 name="href" value="/wiki/Interpretatio_graeca">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f545dc name="title" value="Interpretatio graeca">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f545b4 "syncretized">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3450c " their own goddess ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f344f8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f5be2c name="href" value="/wiki/Artemis">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f5be18 name="title" value="Artemis">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f5bdf0 "Artemis">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f344d0 " with the Egyptian goddess Bastet, adopting Bastet's associations with cats and ascribing them to Artemis. In ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f344bc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f5b378 name="href" value="/wiki/Ovid">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f5b364 name="title" value="Ovid">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f5b328 "Ovid">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f344a8 "'s ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f34480 name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f5a4a0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f5a310 name="href" value="/wiki/Metamorphoses">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f5a2c0 name="title" value="Metamorphoses">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f5a284 "Metamorphoses">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f34458 ", when the deities flee to Egypt and take animal forms, the goddess ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f34430 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f61a5c name="href" value="/wiki/Diana_(mythology)">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f61a48 name="title" value="Diana (mythology)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f61a20 "Diana">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f3441c " turns into a cat.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f34408 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f610c0 name="id" value="cite_ref-Engels2001_206-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f6100c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f60f08 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f60544 name="href" value="#cite_note-Engels2001-206">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f6051c "[206]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f343f4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f67e20 name="id" value="cite_ref-207">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f67ec0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f67fc4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f679c0 name="href" value="#cite_note-207">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f67998 "[207]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f343e0 " \n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4a74 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f6718c "Cats eventually displaced ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f67178 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f668f4 name="href" value="/wiki/Weasel">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f668e0 name="title" value="Weasel">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f668b8 "weasels">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f67150 " as the pest control of choice because they were more pleasant to have around the house and were more enthusiastic hunters of mice. During the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f6713c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f6d71c name="href" value="/wiki/Middle_Ages">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f6da50 name="title" value="Middle Ages">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f6dfa0 "Middle Ages">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f67114 ", many of Artemis's associations with cats were grafted onto the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f67100 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f6d618 name="href" value="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f6d5dc name="title" value="Mary, mother of Jesus">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f6d5a0 "Virgin Mary">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f670c4 ". 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In Japan, the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d774 name="i" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8d210 name="lang" value="ja-Latn">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8d1fc name="title" value="Japanese-language text">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d1d4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8ca2c name="href" value="/wiki/Maneki_neko">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8ca18 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8ca04 name="title" value="Maneki neko">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8c9dc "maneki neko">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d760 " cat is a symbol of good fortune.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d74c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8ebec name="id" value="cite_ref-209">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8f060 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8fb3c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8fa38 name="href" value="#cite_note-209">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8fa10 "[209]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d6e8 " In ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d6d4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8f2a4 name="href" value="/wiki/Norse_mythology">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8f27c name="title" value="Norse mythology">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8f254 "Norse mythology">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d6ac ", ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d698 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8e7a0 name="href" value="/wiki/Freyja">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f8e78c name="title" value="Freyja">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8e764 "Freyja">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d684 ", the goddess of love, beauty, and fertility, is depicted as riding a chariot drawn by cats.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d670 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f95578 name="id" value="cite_ref-210">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f95ed8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f95fb4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9558c name="href" value="#cite_note-210">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f95528 "[210]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d65c " In ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d648 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f94bdc name="href" value="/wiki/Legends_of_the_Jews">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f94bc8 name="title" value="Legends of the Jews">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f94ba0 "Jewish legend">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d634 ", the first cat was living in the house of the first man ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d620 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f942b8 name="href" value="/wiki/Adam">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f942a4 name="title" value="Adam">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f9427c "Adam">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d60c " as a pet that got rid of ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d5f8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9baa4 name="href" value="/wiki/Mice">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9ba90 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9ba68 name="title" value="Mice">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f9ba18 "mice">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d5e4 ". The cat was once partnering with the first dog before the latter broke an oath they had made which resulted in enmity between the descendants of these two animals. It is also written that neither cats nor ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d5d0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9b054 name="href" value="/wiki/Foxes">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9b040 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9b02c name="title" value="Foxes">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f9aff0 "foxes">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d5bc " are represented in the water, while every other animal has an incarnation species in the water.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d5a8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9a1cc name="id" value="cite_ref-Ginzberg_211-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5f9a1b8 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f9a190 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa7a34 name="href" value="#cite_note-Ginzberg-211">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa79d0 "[211]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d594 " Although no species are sacred in Islam, ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d580 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa7034 name="href" value="/wiki/Islam_and_cats">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa7020 name="title" value="Islam and cats">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa6fe4 "cats are revered by Muslims">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d56c ". Some Western writers have stated ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d558 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa6620 name="href" value="/wiki/Muhammad">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa660c name="title" value="Muhammad">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa65d0 "Muhammad">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d544 " had a favorite cat, ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d530 name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa9e9c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa9cbc name="href" value="/wiki/Muezza">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa9ca8 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa9c94 name="title" value="Muezza">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa9c6c "Muezza">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d51c ".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d508 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa926c name="id" value="cite_ref-212">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa9258 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa9230 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa8a38 name="href" value="#cite_note-212">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fa8a10 "[212]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d4f4 " He is reported to have loved cats so much, \"he would do without his cloak rather than disturb one that was sleeping on it\".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d4e0 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa83e4 name="id" value="cite_ref-Reeves_213-0">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fa83d0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fa83a8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fafd74 name="href" value="#cite_note-Reeves-213">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fafd4c "[213]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d4cc " The story has no origin in early Muslim writers, and seems to confuse a story of a later ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d4b8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5faf540 name="href" value="/wiki/Sufi">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5faf52c name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5faf4f0 name="title" value="Sufi">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5faf4c8 "Sufi">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d4a4 " saint, ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d490 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fae6e0 name="href" value="/wiki/Ahmed_ar-Rifa%27i">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fae6cc name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fae6b8 name="title" value="Ahmed ar-Rifa'i">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fae690 "Ahmed ar-Rifa'i">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d47c ", centuries after Muhammad.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d468 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb7de4 name="id" value="cite_ref-214">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb7dd0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fb7d94 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb763c name="href" value="#cite_note-214">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fb7614 "[214]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d454 " One of the companions of Muhammad was known as ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d440 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb6f48 name="href" value="/wiki/Abu_Hurayrah">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb6f34 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb6f20 name="title" value="Abu Hurayrah">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fb6ef8 "Abu Hurayrah">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d42c " (\"father of the kitten\"), in reference to his documented affection to cats.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5f8d418 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb6480 name="id" value="cite_ref-215">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb646c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fb6444 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbfcec name="href" value="#cite_note-215">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbfcc4 "[215]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5f8d404 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef49e8 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbed88 "Many cultures have negative ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbed74 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbe964 name="href" value="/wiki/Superstition">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbe950 name="title" value="Superstition">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbe888 "superstitions">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbed60 " about cats. An example would be the belief that encountering a ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbed4c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbe0a4 name="href" value="/wiki/Black_cat">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fbe090 name="title" value="Black cat">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbe054 "black cat">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbed24 " (\"crossing one's path\") leads to bad luck, or that cats are witches' ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbed10 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc9940 name="href" value="/wiki/Familiar_spirit">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc992c name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc9918 name="title" value="Familiar spirit">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc98f0 "familiars">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbecfc " used to augment a witch's powers and skills. The killing of cats in Medieval ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbece8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc8edc name="href" value="/wiki/Ypres">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc8ec8 name="title" value="Ypres">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc8ea0 "Ypres">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbecd4 ", ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbecc0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc8540 name="href" value="/wiki/Belgium">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc8518 name="title" value="Belgium">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc84f0 "Belgium">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbec84 ", is commemorated in the innocuous present-day ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbec70 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd1a64 name="href" value="/wiki/Kattenstoet">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd1a50 name="title" value="Kattenstoet">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fd1a28 "Kattenstoet">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbec5c " (cat parade).">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbec48 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd0c04 name="id" value="cite_ref-216">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd0bf0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fd0b78 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fd0574 name="href" value="#cite_note-216">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fd0524 "[216]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbec34 " In mid-16th century France, ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbec20 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb9edc name="href" value="/wiki/Cat-burning">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb9ec8 name="title" value="Cat-burning">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fb9ea0 "cats would be burnt alive">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbec0c " as a form of entertainment. According to ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbebf8 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb96f8 name="href" value="/wiki/Norman_Davies">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb96e4 name="title" value="Norman Davies">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fb96bc "Norman Davies">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbebe4 ", the assembled people \"shrieked with laughter as the animals, howling with pain, were singed, roasted, and finally ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbebd0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb8b90 name="href" value="/wiki/Carbonization">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb8b7c name="title" value="Carbonization">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fb8b54 "carbonized">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbebbc "\".">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fbeba8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb8348 name="id" value="cite_ref-217">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fb8334 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fb830c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc3dc4 name="href" value="#cite_note-217">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc3d9c "[217]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fbeb94 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef49ac name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc3630 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc3324 name="href" value="/wiki/James_Frazer">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc3310 name="class" value="mw-redirect">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc32fc name="title" value="James Frazer">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc32d4 "James Frazer">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc361c " wrote that \"It was the custom to burn a basket, barrel, or sack full of live cats, which was hung from a tall mast in the midst of the bonfire; sometimes a ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc3608 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc2898 name="href" value="/wiki/Fox">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fc2884 name="title" value="Fox">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc285c "fox">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc35f4 " was burned. The people collected the embers and ashes of the fire and took them home, believing that they brought good luck. The French kings often witnessed these spectacles and even lit the bonfire with their own hands. In 1648 ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc35e0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fde700 name="href" value="/wiki/Louis_XIV">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fdf024 name="title" value="Louis XIV">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fdf90c "Louis XIV">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc35b8 ", crowned with a wreath of roses and carrying a bunch of roses in his hand, kindled the fire, danced at it and partook of the banquet afterwards in the town hall. But this was the last occasion when a monarch presided at the midsummer bonfire in Paris. At ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc35a4 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fdf650 name="href" value="/wiki/Metz">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fdf628 name="title" value="Metz">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fdf5ec "Metz">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc3590 " midsummer fires were lighted with great pomp on the esplanade, and a dozen cats, enclosed in ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc357c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fde8b8 name="href" value="/wiki/Wicker">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fde8a4 name="title" value="Wicker">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fde87c "wicker">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc3568 " cages, were burned alive in them, to the amusement of the people. Similarly at ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc3554 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fde0c0 name="href" value="/wiki/Gap,_Hautes-Alpes">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fde0ac name="title" value="Gap, Hautes-Alpes">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fde084 "Gap">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc3540 ", in the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc352c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe9704 name="href" value="/wiki/Departments_of_France">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe96f0 name="title" value="Departments of France">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fe96c8 "department">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc3504 " of the ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc34f0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe8b9c name="href" value="/wiki/Hautes-Alpes">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe8b74 name="title" value="Hautes-Alpes">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fe8b4c "Hautes-Alpes">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc34dc ", cats used to be roasted over the midsummer bonfire.\"">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fc34c8 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe8278 name="id" value="cite_ref-218">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe8250 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fe8214 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe9a24 name="href" value="#cite_note-218">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fe99fc "[218]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fc34b4 "\n">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5ef4998 name="p" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fe918c "According to a myth in many cultures, cats have multiple lives. In many countries, they are believed to have nine lives, but in Italy, Germany, Greece, Brazil and some Spanish-speaking regions, they are said to have seven lives,">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fe9150 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe8bb0 name="id" value="cite_ref-219">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe8b38 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fe8b10 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5fe855c name="href" value="#cite_note-219">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fe850c "[219]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fe913c name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5816388 name="id" value="cite_ref-220">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5821cb0 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5821a08 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c58b37b4 name="href" value="#cite_note-220">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c58c7f98 "[220]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fe9128 " while in Arabic traditions, the number of lives is six.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fe90ec name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c57949b4 name="id" value="cite_ref-221">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c579498c name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c57947c0 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c59eb7d0 name="href" value="#cite_note-221">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c59eb71c "[221]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fe90d8 " The myth is attributed to the natural suppleness and swiftness cats exhibit to escape life-threatening situations.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fe90c4 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a112dc name="class" value="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a112a0 name="style" value="white-space:nowrap;">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a10fbc "[">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a10fa8 name="i" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a13460 name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a13104 name="href" value="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a130dc name="title" value="Wikipedia:Citation needed">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a130b4 name="span" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a27d0c name="title" value="The origins and explanation of this myth need a credible source (September 2020)">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a27fa0 "citation needed">]>]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a12b3c "]">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fe90b0 " Also lending credence to this myth is the fact that falling cats often land on their feet, using an instinctive ">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fe909c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a26b64 name="href" value="/wiki/Cat_righting_reflex">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a26b50 name="title" value="Cat righting reflex">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a268f8 "righting reflex">]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fe9074 " to twist their bodies around. Nonetheless, cats can still be injured or killed by a high fall.">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5fe9060 name="sup" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a3950c name="id" value="cite_ref-222">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a394e4 name="class" value="reference">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x2af2c5a394bc name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0x2af2c5a38198 name="href" value="#cite_note-222">] children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5a38148 "[222]">]>]>, #<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x2af2c5fe9038 "\n">]>][0m
