<!– ============================================================= –> <!– MODULE: Common (Shared) Elements Module –> <!– VERSION: 3.0.0 –> <!– DATE: Apr 2009 –> <!– –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– PUBLIC DOCUMENT TYPE DEFINITION –> <!– TYPICAL INVOCATION –> <!– “-//Atypon//DTD Atypon Systems Archival NLM DTD Common (Shared) Elements Module v3.0.0 20090430//EN” Delivered as file “common3.ent” –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– SYSTEM: Archiving and Interchange DTD Suite –> <!– –> <!– PURPOSE: Defines the common parameter entities, calls the –> <!– shared modules (such as special characters and –> <!– notations) and provides declarations for elements –> <!– that do not properly fit into one class, since –> <!– they can be used at more than one structural level–> <!– –> <!– CONTAINS: 1) Default classes for elements defined in this –> <!– module. May be overridden by values in the –> <!– DTD's Customization Module –> <!– 2) Parameter Entities for attribute values –> <!– 3) Parameter Entities for content models –> <!– 4) Parameter Entities for attribute lists –> <!– 5) Elements used in many modules/classes –> <!– - Address elements –> <!– - Date elements –> <!– - Personal name elements –> <!– - Common metadata elements (shared by both –> <!– article metadata and bibliographic –> <!– reference metadata –> <!– –> <!– MODULES REQUIRED: –> <!– 1) Standard XML Special Characters Module –> <!– (%xmlspecchars.ent;) –> <!– 2) Custom XML Special Characters (%chars.ent;) –> <!– 3) Notation Declarations (%notat.ent;) –> <!– –> <!– CREATED FOR: –> <!– Digital archives and publishers who wish to –> <!– create a custom XML DTD for original markup of –> <!– journal literature, books, and related material, –> <!– or for archiving and transferring such material –> <!– between archives. –> <!– –> <!– This DTD is in the public domain. An organization –> <!– that wishes to create its own DTD from the suite –> <!– may do so without permission from NLM. –> <!– –> <!– The suite has been set up to be extended using a –> <!– new DTD file and a new DTD-specific customization –> <!– module to redefine the many Parameter Entities. –> <!– Do not modify the suite directly or redistribute –> <!– modified versions of the suite. –> <!– –> <!– In the interest of maintaining consistency and –> <!– clarity for potential users, NLM requests: –> <!– –> <!– 1. If you create a DTD from the Archiving and –> <!– Interchange DTD Suite and intend to stay –> <!– compatible with the suite, then please include –> <!– the following statement as a comment in all of –> <!– your DTD modules: –> <!– “Created from, and fully compatible with, –> <!– the Archiving and Interchange DTD Suite.” –> <!– –> <!– 2. If you alter one or more modules of the suite, –> <!– then please rename your version and all its –> <!– modules to avoid any confusion with the –> <!– original suite. Also, please include the –> <!– following statement as a comment in all your –> <!– DTD modules: –> <!– “Based in part on, but not fully compatible –> <!– with, the Archiving and Interchange DTD –> <!– Suite.” –> <!– –> <!– ORIGINAL CREATION DATE: –> <!– December 2002 –> <!– –> <!– CREATED BY: Jeff Beck (NCBI) –> <!– Deborah Lapeyre (Mulberry Technologies, Inc.) –> <!– Bruce Rosenblum (Inera Inc.) –> <!– –> <!– NLM thanks the Harvard University Libraries, both –> <!– for proposing that a draft archiving NLM DTD for –> <!– life sciences journals be extended to accommodate –> <!– journals in all disciplines and for sponsoring –> <!– Bruce Rosenblum's collaboration with other DTD –> <!– authors in completing Version 1.0. The Andrew W. –> <!– Mellon Foundation provided support for these –> <!– –> <!– Suggestions for refinements and enhancements to –> <!– the DTD suite should be sent in email to: –> <!– archive-dtd@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov –> <!– important contributions. –> <!– –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– DTD VERSION/CHANGE HISTORY –> <!– ============================================================= –> <!–

=============================================================

Version Reason/Occasion (who) vx.x (yyyy-mm-dd)

   =============================================================
   Version 3.0                       (DAL/BTU) v3.0 (2007-10-31)
   Version 3.0 is the first non-backward-compatible release.
   In addition to the usual incremental changes, some
   elements and attributes have been renamed and/or remodeled
   to better meet user needs and to increase tag set consistency.
   All module change histories are available through the Tag Suite 
   web site at http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov. 
   Details on version 3.0 are available at 
         http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/3.0.
1. Updated public identifier to "v3.0 20080202//EN"              -->

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– PARAMETER ENTITIES FOR ATTRIBUTE VALUES –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– ARTICLE/PUBLICATION IDENTIFIER TYPES –> <!– The “pub-id-type” attribute names the

type of identifier, or the organization or 
system that defined this identifier for the 
identifier of the journal article or a 
cited publication.                         -->

<!ENTITY % pub-id-types “art-access-id | coden | doaj | doi |

manuscript | medline | other | pii | 
pmcid |  pmid | publisher-id | sici"       >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– PARAMETER ENTITIES FOR FULL CONTENT MODELS –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– DATE ELEMENTS MODEL –> <!– The content models for elements that describe

dates, such as Publication Date <pub-date>
and History Dates <date>.                  -->

<!ENTITY % date-model “( ( (day?, month?) | season)?,

year?, string-date?)"                      >

<!– CONTENT MODEL FOR A STRUCTURAL SECTION –> <!– The model for a section that requires that a

section title be present, used for elements
such as Section and Appendix.              -->

<!ENTITY % sec-model “(sec-meta?, label?, title, (%para-level;)*,

(%sec-level;)*, 
(%sec-back-matter-mix;)* )"                >

<!– CONTENT MODEL FOR A SECTION METADATA –> <!– In some works, each section has a different

author or some sections are authored by 
different contributors from the enclosing
article. This wrapper element for 
section-level metadata is used to capture
information such as those contributors.
                                           -->

<!ENTITY % sec-meta-model

"(contrib-group*, kwd-group*, 
  permissions?)"                             >

<!– CONTENT MODEL FOR AN UNTITLED SECTION –> <!– The model for a section-like structure that

may or may not have an initial title       -->

<!ENTITY % sec-opt-title-model

"(sec-meta?, label?, title?, (%para-level;)*,  
  (%sec-level;)*, 
  (%sec-back-matter-mix;)* )"                >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– PARAMETER ENTITIES FOR MIXED CONTENT –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– LINK ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use in the linking elements

such as <xref>, <target>, and <ext-link>   -->

<!ENTITY % link-elements

"| %emphasis.class; | %phrase-content.class; |
 %subsup.class;"                             >

<!– PARAGRAPH ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
a paragraph <p>. 
Design Note: There is a major overlap between 
this parameter entity and the mix for elements
that are at the same level as a paragraph.
Inline elements appear only inside a 
paragraph, but block elements such as quotes 
and lists may appear either within a 
paragraph or at the same level as a 
paragraph. This serves a requirement in a 
repository DTD, since some incoming material 
will have restricted such elements to only 
inside a paragraph, some incoming material 
will have restricted them to only outside a 
paragraph and some may allow them in both
places. Thus the DTD must allow for them to
be in either or both.                      
Design Note: Inline mixes begin with an
OR bar                                     -->

<!ENTITY % p-elements “| %address-link.class; |

%article-link.class; |
%block-display.class; | %block-math.class; | 
%citation.class; |  %emphasis.class; | 
%funding.class; |  %inline-math.class; | 
%inline-display-noalt.class; | 
%list.class; | %math.class; | 
%phrase.class; | %rest-of-para.class; | 
%simple-link.class; | 
%subsup.class;"                             >

<!– TITLE ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use in all the title elements

such as <title>, <subtitle>, <trans-title>,
etc.                       
Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar, but since %simple-phrase; is an 
inline mix, the OR bar is already there.   -->

<!ENTITY % title-elements

"%simple-phrase; | %break.class;"            >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– PARAMETER ENTITIES FOR LINKING ATTRIBUTES –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– XLINK LINK ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Used for elements that are a link by

definition, such as the <xref> element.    -->

<!ENTITY % link-atts

"xmlns:xlink CDATA                            #FIXED
                         'http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'
 xlink:type  (simple)                   #FIXED 'simple'
 xlink:href  CDATA                            #REQUIRED 
 xlink:role  CDATA                            #IMPLIED
 xlink:title CDATA                            #IMPLIED
 xlink:show  (embed | new | none | other | replace)
                                              #IMPLIED
 xlink:actuate   
             (none | onLoad | onRequest | other)          
                                               #IMPLIED" >

<!– MIGHT LINK XLINK ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Used for elements which may need to link to

external sources or other objects within
the document, but may not necessarily act 
as a link at all.  The attribute
"xlink:href" identifies the object to which 
the link points.                           -->

<!ENTITY % might-link-atts

"xmlns:xlink CDATA                             #FIXED
                         'http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'
 xlink:type  (simple)                   #FIXED 'simple'
 xlink:href  CDATA                             #IMPLIED 
 xlink:role  CDATA                             #IMPLIED
 xlink:title CDATA                             #IMPLIED
 xlink:show  (embed | new | none | other | replace)
                                               #IMPLIED
 xlink:actuate   
             (none | onLoad | onRequest | other)          
                                               #IMPLIED" >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– PARAMETER ENTITIES FOR ATTRIBUTES LISTS –> <!– (ALPHABETICAL ORDER) –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– AFFILIATION ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <ack> element –> <!ENTITY % ack-atts

"id         ID                                 #IMPLIED
 specific-use
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– ADDRESS ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <address> element –> <!ENTITY % address-atts

"id         ID                                 #IMPLIED
 specific-use
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– ADDRESS LINE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <addr-line> element –> <!ENTITY % addr-line-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– AFFILIATION ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the Affiliation <aff>

element                                    -->

<!ENTITY % aff-atts

"id         ID                                 #IMPLIED
 content-type   
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 rid        IDREFS                             #IMPLIED" >

<!– ALTERNATE TEXT ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <alt-text> element –> <!ENTITY % alt-text-atts

"id         ID                                 #IMPLIED
 content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 xml:lang   NMTOKEN                            #IMPLIED" >

<!– ARTICLE TITLE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <article-title> element –> <!ENTITY % article-title-atts

"id         ID                                 #IMPLIED
 xml:lang   NMTOKEN                            #IMPLIED" >

<!– ATTRIBUTION ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <attrib> element –> <!ENTITY % attrib-atts

"id         ID                                 #IMPLIED
 specific-use
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– BIOGRAPHY ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for <bio> element –> <!ENTITY % bio-atts

"id         ID                                 #IMPLIED
 rid        IDREFS                             #IMPLIED
 content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 specific-use
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 %might-link-atts;"                                     >

<!– CITATION ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for all three types of

citations (<mixed-citation>, 
<element-citation>, and <nlm-citation>).   -->

<!ENTITY % citation-atts

"id        ID                                 #IMPLIED
 publication-type   
           CDATA                              #IMPLIED  
 publisher-type   
           CDATA                              #IMPLIED  
 publication-format   
           CDATA                              #IMPLIED  
 %might-link-atts;"                                     >

<!– COLLABORATION ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for <collab> –> <!ENTITY % collab-atts

"collab-type       
            CDATA                             #IMPLIED  
 id         ID                                #IMPLIED
 %might-link-atts;"                                      >

<!– CONFERENCE ACRONYM ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <conf-acronym> element –> <!ENTITY % conf-acronym-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– CONFERENCE DATE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <conf-date> element –> <!ENTITY % conf-date-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– CONFERENCE LOCATION ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <conf-loc> element –> <!ENTITY % conf-loc-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– CONFERENCE NAME ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <conf-name> element –> <!ENTITY % conf-name-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– CONFERENCE NUMBER ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <conf-num> element –> <!ENTITY % conf-num-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– CONFERENCE SPONSOR ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <conf-sponsor> element –> <!ENTITY % conf-sponsor-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– CONFERENCE THEME ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <conf-theme> element –> <!ENTITY % conf-theme-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– CONFERENCE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <conference> element –> <!ENTITY % conference-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 %might-link-atts;"                                      >

<!– COPYRIGHT HOLDER ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <copyright-holder>

element                                    -->

<!ENTITY % copyright-holder-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– COPYRIGHT STATEMENT ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <copyright-statement>

element                                    -->

<!ENTITY % copyright-statement-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 specific-use
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– COPYRIGHT YEAR ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <copyright-year>

element                                    -->

<!ENTITY % copyright-year-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– COUNTRY ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <country> element –> <!ENTITY % country-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 country    CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– CUSTOM METADATA ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <custom-meta> element –> <!ENTITY % custom-meta-atts

"id         ID                                 #IMPLIED 
 specific-use
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 %might-link-atts;"                                      >

<!– DATE (HISTORICAL) ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <date> element –> <!ENTITY % date-atts

"date-type CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– DAY ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <day> element –> <!ENTITY % day-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– DEFINITION LIST: DEFINITION ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for the <def> element –> <!ENTITY % def-atts

"rid        IDREFS                             #IMPLIED 
 id         ID                                 #IMPLIED" >

<!– ELECTRONIC LOCATION IDENTIFIER ATTRIBUTES

Attribute list for the <elocation-id> 
element                                    -->

<!ENTITY % elocation-id-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED 
 seq        CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– EMAIL ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for the <email> element –> <!ENTITY % email-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 specific-use
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 %might-link-atts;"                                      >

<!– EXTERNAL LINK ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for external links, such as

<ext-link>                                 -->

<!ENTITY % ext-link-atts

"id        ID                                 #IMPLIED
 ext-link-type 
           CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 specific-use
           CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 %might-link-atts;"                                     >

<!– FAX ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for the <fax> element –> <!ENTITY % fax-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– FIRST PAGE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for the <fpage> element –> <!ENTITY % fpage-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED 
  seq       CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– GIVEN NAMES ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for the <given-names> element

-->

<!ENTITY % given-names-atts

"initials  CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– INSTITUTION ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for <institution> –> <!ENTITY % institution-atts

"id         ID                                 #IMPLIED  
 content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED 
 %might-link-atts;"                                      >

<!– ISBN ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <isbn> element –> <!ENTITY % isbn-atts

"content-type
           CDATA                             #IMPLIED"  >

<!– ISSN ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for <issn> (and <isbn> in

Book)                                      -->

<!ENTITY % issn-atts

"pub-type   CDATA                           #IMPLIED"   >

<!– ISSUE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for the <issue> element –> <!ENTITY % issue-atts

"content-type
           CDATA                              #IMPLIED 
 seq       CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– ISSUE IDENTIFIER ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <issue-id> element –> <!ENTITY % issue-id-atts

"pub-id-type
           CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 content-type
           CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– ISSUE SPONSOR ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for <issue-sponsor> element –> <!ENTITY % issue-sponsor-atts

"content-type
           CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– ISSUE TITLE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for <issue-title> element –> <!ENTITY % issue-title-atts

"content-type
           CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– JOURNAL IDENTIFIER ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for journal identifier

<journal-id> element                       -->

<!ENTITY % journal-id-atts

"journal-id-type  
           CDATA                            #IMPLIED  " >

<!– LICENSE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <license> element –> <!ENTITY % license-atts

"license-type  
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 %might-link-atts;"                                      >

<!– LONG DESCRIPTION ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <long-desc> element –> <!ENTITY % long-desc-atts

"id         ID                                 #IMPLIED
 content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 xml:lang   NMTOKEN                            #IMPLIED" >

<!– LPAGE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <lpage> element –> <!ENTITY % lpage-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– MONTH ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <month> element –> <!ENTITY % month-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– NAME ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for the <name> element –> <!ENTITY % name-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 name-style (western | eastern | islensk)     'western'" >

<!– NOTES ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for the <note> element –> <!ENTITY % notes-atts

"id         ID                                #IMPLIED
 notes-type CDATA                             #IMPLIED
 specific-use
            CDATA                             #IMPLIED"  >

<!– OBJECT IDENTIFIER ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <object-id> element –> <!ENTITY % object-id-atts

"pub-id-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– PAGE RANGE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <page-range> element –> <!ENTITY % page-range-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– PHONE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <phone> element –> <!ENTITY % phone-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– PRICE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <price> element –> <!ENTITY % price-atts

"currency   CDATA                              #IMPLIED 
 content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– PUBLISHER ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <publisher> element –> <!ENTITY % publisher-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– RELATED ARTICLE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for <related-article> –> <!ENTITY % related-article-atts

"id        ID                                #IMPLIED
 related-article-type
           CDATA                             #REQUIRED
 ext-link-type 
           CDATA                             #IMPLIED
 specific-use
           CDATA                             #IMPLIED
 vol       CDATA                             #IMPLIED
 page      CDATA                             #IMPLIED  
 issue     CDATA                             #IMPLIED
 elocation-id
           CDATA                             #IMPLIED
 journal-id
           CDATA                             #IMPLIED  
 %journal-id-atts;
 %might-link-atts;"                                     >

<!– ROLE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <role> element –> <!ENTITY % role-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– SEASON ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <season> element –> <!ENTITY % season-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– SIGNATURE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <sig> element –> <!ENTITY % sig-atts

"id        ID                                #IMPLIED
 rid       IDREFS                            #IMPLIED
 content-type
           CDATA                             #IMPLIED"  >

<!– SIGNATURE BLOCK ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <sig-block> element –> <!ENTITY % sig-block-atts

"id        ID                                #IMPLIED
 rid       IDREFS                            #IMPLIED
 content-type
           CDATA                             #IMPLIED 
 specific-use
           CDATA                             #IMPLIED"  >

<!– SIZE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for the <size> element –> <!ENTITY % size-atts

"units     CDATA                             #REQUIRED" >

<!– STRING DATE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <string-date> element –> <!ENTITY % string-date-atts

"content-type
           CDATA                             #IMPLIED" >

<!– SUFFIX ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <suffix> element –> <!ENTITY % suffix-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– SURNAME ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for the <surname> element –> <!ENTITY % surname-atts

"initials  CDATA                             #IMPLIED"  >

<!– TITLE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <title> and similar

elements                                   -->

<!ENTITY % title-atts

"id        ID                                #IMPLIED
 content-type
           CDATA                             #IMPLIED"  >

<!– TRANSLATED TITLE ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for the <trans-title> –> <!ENTITY % trans-title-atts

"id        ID                                 #IMPLIED 
 content-type
           CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 xml:lang  NMTOKEN                            #IMPLIED">

<!– TRANSLATED TITLE GROUP ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for the <trans-title-group> –> <!ENTITY % trans-title-group-atts

"id        ID                                 #IMPLIED 
 content-type
           CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 xml:lang  NMTOKEN                            #REQUIRED">

<!– URI ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <uri> element –> <!ENTITY % uri-atts

"content-type
           CDATA                             #IMPLIED
 %might-link-atts;"                                     >

<!– VOLUME NUMBER ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for the <volume> element –> <!ENTITY % volume-atts

"seq        CDATA                             #IMPLIED
 content-type
            CDATA                             #IMPLIED" >

<!– VOLUME IDENTIFIER ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <volume-id> element –> <!ENTITY % volume-id-atts

"pub-id-type
           CDATA                              #IMPLIED
 content-type
            CDATA                             #IMPLIED" >

<!– VOLUME SERIES ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attribute list for the <volume-series>

element                                    -->

<!ENTITY % volume-series-atts

"content-type
            CDATA                             #IMPLIED" >

<!– YEAR ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the <year> element –> <!ENTITY % year-atts

"content-type
           CDATA                              #IMPLIED" >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– METADATA USED BY MORE THAN ONE CLASS –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– COMMON COPYRIGHT/PERMISSION ELEMENTS –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– COPYRIGHT HOLDER ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements to be mixed with data characters

inside the content model for the 
<copyright-holder> element.                -->

<!ENTITY % copyright-holder-elements

"| %subsup.class;"                           >

<!– COPYRIGHT HOLDER –> <!– Name of the organizational or personal

entity that holds the copyright.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=copyright-holder
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=copyright-holder
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=copyright-holder
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=copyright-holder
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT copyright-holder

(#PCDATA %copyright-holder-elements;)*       >

<!ATTLIST copyright-holder

%copyright-holder-atts;                                 >

<!– COPYRIGHT STATEMENT ELEMENTS –> <!– Content model for <copyright-statement> –> <!ENTITY % copyright-statement-elements

"| %address-link.class; | %emphasis.class; | 
 %phrase-content.class; | %subsup.class;"    >

<!– COPYRIGHT STATEMENT –> <!– Copyright notice or statement, suitable for

printing or display. Within the statement the
copyright year should be identified, if
expected to be displayed.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=copyright-statement
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=copyright-statement
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=copyright-statement
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=copyright-statement
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT copyright-statement

(#PCDATA %copyright-statement-elements;)*    >

<!ATTLIST copyright-statement

%copyright-statement-atts;                              >

<!– COPYRIGHT YEAR –> <!– Year of the copyright. Need not be used, if,

for example, having the year as part of the 
copyright statement is sufficient.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=copyright-year
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=copyright-year
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=copyright-year
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=copyright-year
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT copyright-year

(#PCDATA)                                    >

<!ATTLIST copyright-year

%copyright-year-atts;                                   >

<!– LICENSE MODEL –> <!– Content model for an <license> element –> <!ENTITY % license-model

"((%license-p.class;)+)"                     >

<!– LICENSE INFORMATION –> <!– The set of conditions under which people are

allowed to use this article or other
license-related information or restrictions.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=license
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=license
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=license
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=license
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT license %license-model; > <!ATTLIST license

%license-atts;                                          >

<!– LICENSE PARAGRAPH ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements that can be included with the text

inside a <license-p> element. 
Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar, but since %p-elements; is an 
inline mix, the OR bar is already there.   -->

<!ENTITY % license-p-elements

"%p-elements; | %price.class;"               >

<!– LICENSE PARAGRAPH –> <!– Paragraphs of text within the description of

a <license>. Not defined as an ordinary
paragraph, so that it can have special
content.  
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=license-p
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=license-p
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=license-p
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=license-p
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT license-p (#PCDATA %license-p-elements;)* >

<!– PERMISSIONS MODEL –> <!– Model for <permissions> wrapper element –> <!ENTITY % permissions-model

"(copyright-statement*, copyright-year*, 
  copyright-holder*, license*)"              >

<!– PERMISSIONS –> <!– Wrapper element to hold the copyright

information, license material, and any 
future similar metadata.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=permissions
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=permissions
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=permissions
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=permissions
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT permissions

%permissions-model;                          >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– COMMON METADATA/BIBLIOGRAPHIC ELEMENTS –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– ARTICLE TITLE ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements that can be included with the text

inside an <article-title> element.  
Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar, but since %simple-phrase; is an 
inline mix, the OR bar is already there.   -->

<!ENTITY % article-title-elements

"%simple-phrase; | %break.class;"            >

<!– ARTICLE TITLE –> <!– The title of the article in the language

in which the article was originally
published          
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=article-title
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=article-title
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=article-title
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=article-title
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT article-title

(#PCDATA %article-title-elements;)*          >

<!ATTLIST article-title

%article-title-atts;                                    >

<!– AFFILIATION ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use in the <aff> element –> <!ENTITY % aff-elements “| %address.class; | %address-link.class; |

%article-link.class; | %break.class; | 
%emphasis.class; | %label.class; |
%simple-link.class; | %subsup.class;"       >

<!– AFFILIATION –> <!– Name of a institution or organization such as

a university or corporation. 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=aff
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=aff
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=aff
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=aff
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT aff (#PCDATA %aff-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST aff

%aff-atts;                                              >

<!– COLLABORATIVE (GROUP) AUTHOR ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use in the <collab> element

Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar, but since %simple-text; is an inline
mix, the OR bar is already there.          -->

<!ENTITY % collab-elements

"%simple-text; | %address.class; | 
 %contrib-group.class; | 
 %contrib-info.class; | %fn-link.class;"     >

<!– COLLABORATIVE (GROUP) AUTHOR –> <!– Used for groups of authors credited under

one name, either as a collaboration in the
strictest sense, or when an organization, 
institution, or corporation is the group.  
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=collab
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=collab
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=collab
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=collab
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT collab (#PCDATA %collab-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST collab

%collab-atts;                                           >

<!– CONFERENCE DATE ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use in the <conf-date> element–> <!ENTITY % conf-date-elements

"  "                                         >

<!– CONFERENCE DATE –> <!– The date(s) on which the conference was held.

Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=conf-date
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=conf-date
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=conf-date
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=conf-date
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT conf-date (#PCDATA %conf-date-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST conf-date

%conf-date-atts;                                        >

<!– CONFERENCE LOCATION ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use in the <conf-loc> element

Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar, but since %simple-text; is an inline
mix, the OR bar is already there.          -->

<!ENTITY % conf-loc-elements

"%simple-text;"                            >

<!– CONFERENCE LOCATION –> <!– The physical location(s) of the conference.

This may include a city, a country, or a
campus or organization location if that is
the only location available.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=conf-loc
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=conf-loc
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=conf-loc
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=conf-loc
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT conf-loc (#PCDATA %conf-loc-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST conf-loc

%conf-loc-atts;                                         >

<!– CONFERENCE NAME ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use in the <conf-name> element.

Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar, but since %simple-text; is an inline
mix, the OR bar is already there.          -->

<!ENTITY % conf-name-elements

"%simple-text;"                            >

<!– CONFERENCE NAME –> <!– The full name of the conference, including any

qualifiers such as "43rd Annual".
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=conf-name
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=conf-name
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=conf-name
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=conf-name
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT conf-name (#PCDATA %conf-name-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST conf-name

%conf-name-atts;                                        >

<!– OBJECT IDENTIFIER –> <!– Used to record an identifier such as a DOI

for an interior element such as an <abstract>
or <figure>.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=object-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=object-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=object-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=object-id
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT object-id (#PCDATA) >

<!ATTLIST object-id

%object-id-atts;                                        >

<!– ISBN ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use with data characters inside

the model for the <isbn> element           -->

<!ENTITY % isbn-elements

""                                           >

<!– ISSN –> <!– International Standard Book Number

Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=isbn
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=isbn
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=isbn
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=isbn
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT isbn (#PCDATA %isbn-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST isbn

%isbn-atts;                                             >

<!– ISSN ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use with data characters inside

the model for the <issue> element          -->

<!ENTITY % issn-elements

""                                           >

<!– ISSN –> <!– International Standard Serial Number

Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issn
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issn
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issn
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issn
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT issn (#PCDATA %issn-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST issn

%issn-atts;                                             >

<!– ISSUE ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use with data characters inside

the model for the <issue> element          -->

<!ENTITY % issue-elements

"%just-rendition;"                           >

<!– ISSUE NUMBER –> <!– The issue number, issue name, or other

identifier of an issue of a journal that
is displayed or printed with the issue. 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT issue (#PCDATA %issue-elements;)* >

<!ATTLIST issue

%issue-atts;                                            >

<!– ISSUE IDENTIFIER –> <!– Used to record an identifier such as a DOI

that describes an entire issue of a 
journal     
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue-id
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT issue-id (#PCDATA) >

<!ATTLIST issue-id

%issue-id-atts;                                         >

<!– ISSUE PART ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements that can be added to the text

within the element <issue-part>            -->

<!ENTITY % issue-part-elements

"%just-rendition;"                           >

<!– ISSUE PART –> <!– A publisher may split an issue into two or

more separately bound or separately issued 
parts. This element holds the identifiers
(titles, part numbers, etc.) for those
publishing components.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue-part
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue-part
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue-part
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue-part
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT issue-part (#PCDATA %issue-part-elements;)* >

<!– ISSUE SPONSOR ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use in the <issue-sponsor>

element                                    -->

<!ENTITY % issue-sponsor-elements

"%just-rendition;"                           >

<!– ISSUE TITLE –> <!– Used to record the sponsor for an issue of

the journal
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue-sponsor
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue-sponsor
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT issue-sponsor

(#PCDATA %issue-sponsor-elements;)*          >

<!ATTLIST issue-sponsor

%issue-sponsor-atts;                                      >

<!– ISSUE TITLE ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use in the <issue-title> element

-->

<!ENTITY % issue-title-elements

"%just-rendition;"                           >

<!– ISSUE TITLE –> <!– Used to record the theme or special issue

title for an issue of the journal
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue-title
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue-title
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue-title
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=issue-title
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT issue-title (#PCDATA %issue-title-elements;)* >

<!ATTLIST issue-title

%issue-title-atts;                                      >

<!– JOURNAL IDENTIFIER –> <!– Short code that represents the journal; used

as an alternative to or short form of the
journal title; used for identification of 
the journal domain.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=journal-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=journal-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=journal-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=journal-id
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT journal-id (#PCDATA) > <!ATTLIST journal-id

%journal-id-atts;                                       >

<!– ROLE ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
a <role>                    
Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar; since %rendition-plus; is an 
inline mix, the OR bar is already there.   -->

<!ENTITY % role-elements

"%rendition-plus;"                           >

<!– ROLE OR FUNCTION TITLE OF CONTRIBUTOR –> <!– A title or the role of a contributor

(such as an author) in this work. For example,
Editor-in-Chief, Contributor, Chief
Scientist, Photographer, Research Associate,
etc.              
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=role
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=role
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=role
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=role
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT role (#PCDATA %role-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST role

%role-atts;                                             >

<!– TRANSLATED TITLE GROUP MODEL –> <!– Content model for the element

<trans-title-group>                        -->

<!ENTITY % trans-title-group-model

"(trans-title, trans-subtitle*)"             >

<!– TRANSLATED TITLE GROUP –> <!– Container element for all translated, and

transliterated journal titles.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=trans-title-group
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=trans-title-group
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=trans-title-group
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT trans-title-group

%trans-title-group-model;                    >

<!ATTLIST trans-title-group

%trans-title-group-atts;                                >

<!– TRANSLATED SUBTITLE –> <!– An alternate version of an article subtitle

that has been translated out of the original 
language of the article subtitle <subtitle>  
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=trans-subtitle
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=trans-subtitle
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=trans-subtitle
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT trans-subtitle

(#PCDATA %title-elements;)*                  >

<!– TRANSLATED TITLE –> <!– An alternate version of the title that has

been translated into a language other than
that of the original article title 
<article-title>  
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=trans-title
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=trans-title
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=trans-title
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=trans-title
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT trans-title (#PCDATA %title-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST trans-title

%trans-title-atts;                                       >

<!– VOLUME NUMBER ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
a <volume>                                 -->

<!ENTITY % volume-elements

"%just-rendition; "                          >

<!– VOLUME NUMBER –> <!– NEW DEFINITION FOR RELEASE 2.0:

The volume number, volume name, or other 
identifier of an volume of a journal that
is displayed or printed with the volume. 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=volume
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=volume
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=volume
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=volume
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT volume (#PCDATA %volume-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST volume

%volume-atts;                                            >

<!– VOLUME IDENTIFIER ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
a <volume-id>                              -->

<!ENTITY % volume-id-elements

"%just-rendition; "                          >

<!– VOLUME IDENTIFIER –> <!– Used to record an identifier such as a DOI

that describes an entire volume of a 
journal.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=volume-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=volume-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=volume-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=volume-id
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT volume-id (#PCDATA %volume-id-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST volume-id

%volume-id-atts;                                        >

<!– VOLUME SERIES ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
a <volume>                                 -->

<!ENTITY % volume-series-elements

"%just-rendition; "                          >

<!– VOLUME SERIES –> <!– This is a rare metadata element, intended to

hold the series number, in those odd cases 
where, for example, a Publisher has reissued
a journal, restarting the volume numbers
with "1", so duplicate volume numbers 
would exist and need to be differentiated.
Such a publisher typically adds a series 
series number to their volume numbers, and
this element has been created to hold such
a series number. 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=volume-series
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=volume-series
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=volume-series
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=volume-series
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT volume-series

(#PCDATA %volume-series-elements;)*          >

<!ATTLIST volume-series

%volume-series-atts;                                     >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– COMMON ARTICLE METADATA/BIBLIOGRAPHIC –> <!– CONTRIBUTOR IDENTIFICATION ELEMENTS –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– ANONYMOUS ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
an <anonymous> element                     -->

<!ENTITY % anonymous-elements

"%just-rendition;"                           >

<!– ANONYMOUS CONTENT MODEL –> <!– The content model for the <etal> element –> <!ENTITY % anonymous-model

"(#PCDATA %anonymous-elements;)*"            >

<!– ANONYMOUS –> <!– Place holder for the name of a contributor

whose name is unknown or not disclosed.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=anonymous
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=anonymous
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=anonymous
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=anonymous
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT anonymous %anonymous-model; >

<!– ET AL ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
an <etal> element                          -->

<!ENTITY % etal-elements

"%just-rendition;"                           >

<!– ET AL CONTENT MODEL –> <!– The content model for the <etal> element –> <!ENTITY % etal-model “(#PCDATA %etal-elements;)*” >

<!– ET AL –> <!– Most journals model this as an EMPTY element,

typically used to generate the text "et al." 
from a stylesheet. However, a few journal
DTDs (Blackwell's, for example) expect
content for this element, with such text as
"Associates, coworkers, and colleagues".
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=etal
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=etal
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=etal
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=etal
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT etal %etal-model; >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– COMMON ARTICLE METADATA/BIBLIOGRAPHIC –> <!– PUBLISHER IDENTIFICATION ELEMENTS –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– PUBLISHER CONTENT MODEL –> <!– The content model for the <publisher>

element                                    -->

<!ENTITY % publisher-model

"(publisher-name, publisher-loc?)"           >

<!– PUBLISHER –> <!– Who published the work

Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=publisher
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=publisher
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=publisher
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT publisher %publisher-model; > <!ATTLIST publisher

%publisher-atts;                                        >

<!– PUBLISHER'S NAME ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
a <publisher-name>
Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar; since %just-rendition; is an 
inline mix, the OR bar is already there    -->

<!ENTITY % publisher-name-elements

"%just-rendition; "                          >

<!– PUBLISHER'S NAME –> <!– Name of the publisher of the work

Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=publisher-name
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=publisher-name
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=publisher-name
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=publisher-name
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT publisher-name

(#PCDATA %publisher-name-elements;)*         >

<!– PUBLISHER'S LOCATION ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use in the Publisher Location

<publisher-loc> element                    -->

<!ENTITY % publisher-loc-elements

"| %address.class; | %address-link.class; |
 %emphasis.class; | %subsup.class;"          >

<!– PUBLISHER'S LOCATION –> <!– Place of publication, usually a city such

as New York or London 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=publisher-loc
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=publisher-loc
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=publisher-loc
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=publisher-loc
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT publisher-loc

(#PCDATA %publisher-loc-elements;)*          >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– COMMON METADATA ELEMENTS CONTINUED –> <!– PAGE NUMBERING (SIZE) ELEMENTS –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– FIRST PAGE –> <!– The page number on which the article starts,

for print journals that have page numbers 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=fpage
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=fpage
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=fpage
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=fpage
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT fpage (#PCDATA) > <!ATTLIST fpage

%fpage-atts;                                            >

<!– LAST PAGE –> <!– The page number on which the article ends,

for print journals that have page numbers 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=lpage
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=lpage
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=lpage
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=lpage
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT lpage (#PCDATA) > <!ATTLIST lpage

%lpage-atts;                                            >

<!– PAGE RANGES –> <!– A container element for additional page

information (TO BE USED TO SUPPLEMENT AND
NOT TO REPLACE <fpage> and <lpage>) to record
discontinuous pages ranges such as 
    "8-11, 14-19, 40"
meaning that the article begins on page
8, runs 8 through 11, skips to pages 14 
through 19, and concludes on page 40.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=page-range
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=page-range
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=page-range
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=page-range
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT page-range (#PCDATA) > <!ATTLIST page-range

%page-range-atts;                                       >

<!– SIZE ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
the size element.                          -->

<!ENTITY % size-elements

""                                           >

<!– SIZE –> <!– The size (such as running time, page count,

or physical measurements) of the object being 
described, usually by a <product> element.
The "units" attribute must be used to name
the unit of measure (pages, minutes, hours,
linear feet, etc.).
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=size
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=size
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=size
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=size
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT size (#PCDATA %size-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST size

%size-atts;                                             >

<!– ELECTRONIC LOCATION IDENTIFIER –> <!– Used to identify an article that

does not have traditional page numbers. 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=elocation-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=elocation-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=elocation-id
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=elocation-id
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT elocation-id (#PCDATA) > <!ATTLIST elocation-id

%elocation-id-atts;                                     >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– CITATIONS (BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE) –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– CITATION ELEMENTS –> <!– Content for both types of citation. These

elements may be mixed with #PCDATA in the 
<mixed-citation> element (in which all
punctuation and spacing are left intact), and
they also constitute the choices that can be 
used to form the all-element-content of the
<element-citation> element (in which  
punctuation and spacing are removed).
Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar.                                    -->

<!ENTITY % citation-elements

"%emphasis.class; | %inline-display.class; |
 %inline-math.class; | %label.class; | 
 %phrase.class; | %references.class; |
 %subsup.class;"                             >

<!– MIXED CITATION –> <!– A citation is a description of a work, such

as a journal article, book, or personal
communication, that is cited in the text of
the article. This citation element is 
completely loose, with text, punctuation, 
spacing, and any of the citation elements
in any order.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=mixed-citation
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=mixed-citation
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=mixed-citation
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=mixed-citation
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT mixed-citation

(#PCDATA | %citation-elements;)*             >

<!ATTLIST mixed-citation

%citation-atts;                                         >

<!– ELEMENT CITATION –> <!– A citation is a description of a work, such

as a journal article, book, or personal
communication, that is cited in the text of
the article. This citation model contains
element-only content, with elements in 
any order as many times as needed. This
citation is intended for use in capturing
a publisher's specific element order.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=element-citation
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=element-citation
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=element-citation
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=element-citation
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT element-citation

(%citation-elements;)+                       >

<!ATTLIST element-citation

%citation-atts;                                         >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– ADDRESS ELEMENTS (BIBLIOGRAPHIC) –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– ADDRESS MODEL –> <!– Content model for the <address> element –> <!ENTITY % address-model

"(%address.class; | %address-link.class;)*"  >

<!– ADDRESS/CONTACT INFORMATION –> <!– Wrapper element for contact information such

as address, phone, fax, email, url, country,
etc. 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=address
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=address
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=address
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=address
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT address %address-model; > <!ATTLIST address

%address-atts;                                          >

<!– ADDRESS LINE ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use in the <addr-line> element–> <!ENTITY % addr-line-elements

"%simple-text; | %address-line.class;"       >

<!– ADDRESS LINE –> <!– One line in an address –> <!– Conversion Note: If the address is

undifferentiated data characters, the entire
address may be inside one of these elements.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=addr-line
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=addr-line
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=addr-line
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=addr-line
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT addr-line (#PCDATA %addr-line-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST addr-line

%addr-line-atts;                                        >

<!– COUNTRY ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
the country element.                       -->

<!ENTITY % country-elements

""                                           >

<!– COUNTRY: IN AN ADDRESS –> <!– Details at:

http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=country
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=country
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=country
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=country
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT country (#PCDATA %country-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST country

%country-atts;                                        >

<!– EMAIL ADDRESS ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements to be mixed with #PCDATA inside the

<email> element                            -->

<!ENTITY % email-elements

""                                           >

<!– EMAIL ADDRESS –> <!– Details at:

http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=email
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=email
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=email
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=email
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA %email-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST email

%email-atts;                                            >

<!– FAX NUMBER ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
a <fax>                                    -->

<!ENTITY % fax-elements

"%just-rendition; "                          >

<!– FAX NUMBER: IN AN ADDRESS –> <!– Details at:

http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=fax
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=fax
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=fax
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=fax
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT fax (#PCDATA %fax-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST fax

%fax-atts;                                              >

<!– INSTITUTION NAME ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use in the <institution>

element                                    -->

<!ENTITY % institution-elements

"| %break.class; | %emphasis.class; |
 %subsup.class;"                             >

<!– INSTITUTION NAME: IN AN ADDRESS –> <!– Name of a institution or organization such as

a university or corporation used in an
address or within a citation (such as a
<mixed-citation> or an <element-citation> 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=institution
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=institution
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=institution
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=institution
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT institution (#PCDATA %institution-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST institution

%institution-atts;                                      >

<!– PHONE NUMBER ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
a <phone number> 
Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar, but since %just-rendition; is an 
inline mix, the OR bar is already there.   -->

<!ENTITY % phone-elements

"%just-rendition;"                           >

<!– PHONE NUMBER: IN AN ADDRESS –> <!– A callable phone number in some telephone or

wireless system somewhere in the world.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=phone
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=phone
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=phone
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=phone
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT phone (#PCDATA %phone-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST phone

%phone-atts;                                            >

<!– URI ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
a <uri>
Design Note: This PE begins with an OR
bar because %just-rendition; begins with an
OR bar.                                    -->

<!ENTITY % uri-elements

"%just-rendition;"                           >

<!– URI –> <!– URI such as a URL that may be used as a

live link, typically naming a website, such 
as:
   <url>http://www.mulberrytech.com</url>
Alternatively the element content may name
the URL, e.g., "Mulberry's Website" and the
"xlink:href" attribute may hold the real
URL.
   <url xlink:href="http://www.mulberrytech.
   com">Mulberry's Website</url>           
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=uri
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=uri
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=uri
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=uri
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT uri (#PCDATA %uri-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST uri

%uri-atts;                                              >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– DATE ELEMENTS (PUBLICATION HISTORY) –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– DATE –> <!– The elements <day>, <month>, and <year> should

ALWAYS be numeric values. The date may be 
represented as a string in <string-date>, but
the numeric values should be present whenever
possible.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=date
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=date
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=date
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT date %date-model; > <!ATTLIST date

%date-atts;                                            >

<!– DAY –> <!– The numeric value of a day of the month, used

in both article metadata and inside a citation,
in two digits as it would be stated in the "DD" 
in an international date format YYYY-MM-DD, for
example "03", "25". 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=day
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=day
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=day
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=day
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT day (#PCDATA) > <!ATTLIST day

%day-atts;                                              >

<!– MONTH –> <!– Names one of the months of the year. Used in

both article metadata and inside a citation,
this element may contain a full month 
"December", an abbreviation "Dec", or, 
preferably, a numeric month such as "12".
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=month
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=month
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=month
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=month
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT month (#PCDATA) > <!ATTLIST month

%day-atts;                                              >

<!– SEASON –> <!– Season of publication, such as “Spring”.

Used in both article metadata and inside a 
citation (such as a <mixed-citation> or an
<element-citation>
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=season
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=season
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=season
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=season
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT season (#PCDATA) > <!ATTLIST season

%day-atts;                                              >

<!– YEAR –> <!– Year of publication, which should be expressed

as a 4-digit number: "1776" or "1924"
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=year
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=year
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=year
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=year
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT year (#PCDATA) > <!ATTLIST year

%year-atts;                                             >

<!– STRING DATE ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
the <string-date> element                  -->

<!ENTITY % string-date-elements

" | %date-parts.class;"                      >

<!– DATE AS A STRING –> <!– This is a representation of the date as a

string; usually used for dates for which 
months and years are not given, but may be
used for any date as a string (i.e., "January, 
2001" "Fall 2001" "March 11, 2001".
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=string-date
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=string-date
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT string-date (#PCDATA %string-date-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST string-date

%string-date-atts;                                      >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– PERSON'S NAME ELEMENTS (BIBLIOGRAPHIC) –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– STRING NAME ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
the <string-name> element                  -->

<!ENTITY % string-name-elements

" | %person-name.class;"                     >

<!– NAME OF PERSON (UNSTRUCTURED) –> <!– Wrapper element for personal names where the

stricter format of the <name> element cannot
be followed. This is a very loose element,
allowing data characters, generated text,
and any or all of the naming elements.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=string-name
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=string-name
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=string-name
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=string-name
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT string-name (#PCDATA %string-name-elements;)* >

<!– NAME OF PERSON (STRUCTURED) –> <!– Wrapper element for personal names.

Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=name
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=name
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=name
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=name
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT name (surname, given-names?, prefix?, suffix?) > <!– name-style Used for choosing an inversion algorithm or

for sorting or other processing functions.  
The three values and approximate meanings are:
Value     Display          Sort/Inversion
western   given family     family given
eastern   family given     family given
islensk   given patronymic given, patronymic 
                                           -->

<!ATTLIST name

%name-atts;                                             >

<!– SURNAME ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
a <surname>                                
Design Note: This PE begins with an OR
bar because %just-rendition; begins with an
OR bar.                                    -->

<!ENTITY % surname-elements

"%just-rendition; "                          >

<!– SURNAME –>

<!– The surname (family name) of an individual.

or the single name if there is only one
name, for example, "Cher" or "Pele".
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=surname
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=surname
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=surname
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=surname
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT surname (#PCDATA %surname-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST surname

%surname-atts;                                          >

<!– GIVEN (FIRST) NAMES ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
a <given-names>                            -->

<!ENTITY % given-names-elements

"%just-rendition;"                           >

<!– GIVEN (FIRST) NAMES –> <!– Includes all given names for a person, such

as the first name, middle names, maiden 
name if used as part of the married name, 
etc.) 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=given-names
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=given-names
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=given-names
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=given-names
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT given-names (#PCDATA %given-names-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST given-names

%given-names-atts;                                      >

<!– PREFIX ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
a <prefix>  
Design Note: This PE begins with an OR
bar because %just-rendition; begins with an
OR bar.                                    -->

<!ENTITY % prefix-elements

"%just-rendition;"                           >

<!– PREFIX –> <!– Honorifics or other qualifiers that usually

precede the surname, for example,  Professor, 
Rev., President, Senator, Dr., Sir, The 
Honorable, et al.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=prefix
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=prefix
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=prefix
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=prefix
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT prefix (#PCDATA %prefix-elements;)* >

<!– SUFFIX ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
a <suffix>
Design Note: This PE begins with an OR bar,
it is inside %just-rendition;              -->

<!ENTITY % suffix-elements

"%just-rendition;"                           >

<!– SUFFIX –> <!– Text used as a suffix to a person's name, for

example: Sr. Jr. III, 3rd  
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=suffix
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=suffix
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=suffix
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=suffix
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT suffix (#PCDATA %suffix-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST suffix

%suffix-atts;                                           >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– EXTERNAL LINK ELEMENTS –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– EXTERNAL LINK ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
an <ext-link>  
Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar, but since %link-elements; is an inline
mix, the OR bar is already there.          -->

<!ENTITY % ext-link-elements

"%link-elements;"                            >

<!– EXTERNAL LINK –> <!– Link to an external file, such as Medline,

Genbank, etc.  Linking may be accomplished
using the XLink linking attributes.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=ext-link
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=ext-link
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=ext-link
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=ext-link
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT ext-link (#PCDATA %ext-link-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST ext-link

%ext-link-atts;                                         >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– SHARED STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– ATTRIBUTION ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
an attribution                          
Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar, but since %simple-phrase; is an 
inline mix, the OR bar is already there.   -->

<!ENTITY % attrib-elements

"%emphasized-text;"                          >

<!– ATTRIBUTION –> <!– Source, author, formal thanks, or other

information (other than copyright material)
concerning the origins of an extract, a poem
<verse-group> or similar element.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=attrib
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=attrib
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=attrib
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=attrib
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT attrib (#PCDATA %attrib-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST attrib

%attrib-atts;                                           >

<!– DEFINITION LIST: DEFINITION MODEL –> <!– Content model for the <def> element, which

is used in contexts outside of <def-list>s -->

<!ENTITY % def-model “((%just-para.class;)+ )” >

<!– DEFINITION LIST: DEFINITION –> <!– Used in two senses:

1) The definition, description, or other
explanation of the word, phrase, or picture
of a 2-part or definition list
2) The definition or expansion of an
abbreviation or acronym <abbrev>
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=def
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=def
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=def
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=def
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT def %def-model; > <!ATTLIST def

%def-atts;                                              >

<!– LABEL ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
the <label> element                        -->

<!ENTITY % label-elements

"| %emphasis.class; | %inline-display.class; | 
 %inline-math.class; | %subsup.class;"       >

<!– LABEL OF A FIGURE, REFERENCE, ETC. –> <!– The number and any prefix word that comes

before, for example, the caption of a Figure,
such as "Figure 3." or "Exhibit 2.". 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=label
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=label
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=label
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=label
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT label (#PCDATA %label-elements;)* >

<!– PRICE ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
the <price> element                        -->

<!ENTITY % price-elements

"| %emphasis.class;"                         >

<!– PRICE –> <!– Sale price of a work, typically a book or

software package that is being reviewed
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=price
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=price
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=price
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=price
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT price (#PCDATA %price-elements;)* > <!– currency In what currency is this price presented?

Best Practice is to use the ISO 4117 "currency 
code" 3-letter values:
  USD  United States Dollar
  CAD  Canadian Dollar
  EUR  European Union Euro
  RUB  Russian Ruble
These codes are defined by ISO in ISO 4217
and listed at:

www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/popstds/currencycodeslist.html#SZ.

-->

<!ATTLIST price

%price-atts;                                            >

<!– STRUCTURAL TITLE ELEMENTS –> <!– The elements that can be included along with

data characters inside the content model of
the <title> element  
Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar, but since %simple-phrase; is an 
inline mix, the OR bar is already there.   -->

<!ENTITY % struct-title-elements

"%simple-phrase; | %break.class; |
 %citation.class;"                           >

<!– TITLE –> <!– Heading or title for a structural element

such as a Section, Figure, Boxed Text, etc.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=title
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=title
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=title
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=title
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT title (#PCDATA %struct-title-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST title

%title-atts;                                            >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– RELATED ARTICLE ELEMENTS –> <!– (METADATA AND STRUCTURAL) –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– RELATED ARTICLE ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements allowed inside <related-article> –> <!ENTITY % related-article-elements

"| %emphasis.class; | %journal-id.class; |
 %phrase-content.class; | 
 %references.class; |  %subsup.class;"       >

<!– RELATED ARTICLE INFORMATION –> <!– Wrapper element, used as a container for

text links to a related article, possibly 
accompanied by a very brief description
such as "errata (correction)".
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=related-article
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=related-article
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=related-article
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=related-article
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT related-article

(#PCDATA %related-article-elements;)*        >

<!ATTLIST related-article

%related-article-atts;                                  >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– SIGNATURE BLOCK ELEMENTS –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– SIGNATURE BLOCK ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements to be mixed with data characters

inside the content model for the 
<sig-block> element.                       -->

<!ENTITY % sig-block-elements

"| %break.class; | %emphasis.class; |   
 %just-base-display.class; |
 %inline-display-noalt.class; |
 %phrase-content.class; | 
 %sig.class; | %subsup.class;"              >

<!– SIGNATURE BLOCK –> <!– An area of text and graphic material placed

at the end of an article or section to hold
the graphical signature or other description
of the person responsible for or attesting
to the content. 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=sig-block
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=sig-block
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=sig-block
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT sig-block (#PCDATA %sig-block-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST sig-block

%sig-block-atts;                                        >

<!– SIGNATURE ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements to be mixed with data characters

inside the content model for the 
<sig> element.                             -->

<!ENTITY % sig-elements “%rendition-plus; | %break.class; |

%inline-display-noalt.class; | 
%just-base-display-noalt.class;"            >

<!– SIGNATURE –> <!– One contributor signature and associated

material (such as a text restatement of the
affiliation) inside a signature block. 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=sig
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=sig
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=sig
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT sig (#PCDATA %sig-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST sig

%sig-atts;                                              >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– FRONT MATTER/BACK MATTER ELEMENTS –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– ACKNOWLEDGMENTS MODEL –> <!– Content model for the <ack> element –> <!ENTITY % ack-model “%sec-opt-title-model;” >

<!– ACKNOWLEDGMENTS –> <!– Details at:

http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=ack
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=ack
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=ack
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=ack
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT ack %ack-model; > <!ATTLIST ack

%ack-atts;                                              >

<!– BIOGRAPHY MODEL –> <!– Content model for the <bio> element –> <!ENTITY % bio-model “%sec-opt-title-model;” >

<!– BIOGRAPHY –> <!– Short biography of a person, usually the

author                                     
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=bio
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=bio
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=bio
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=bio
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT bio %bio-model; >

<!ATTLIST bio

%bio-atts;                                              >

<!– NOTES MODEL –> <!– Content model for the <notes> element –> <!ENTITY % notes-model “%sec-opt-title-model;” >

<!– NOTES –> <!– A container element for the notes that may

appear at the end of an Article or at the 
end of a Table,for example, a typical
end-of-article note is a "Note in Proof". 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=notes
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=notes
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=notes
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT notes %notes-model; >

<!ATTLIST notes

%notes-atts;                                            >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– ACCESSIBILITY ELEMENTS –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– ALT-TEXT MODEL –> <!– Content model for the <alt-text> element –> <!ENTITY % alt-text-model “(#PCDATA)” >

<!– ALTERNATE TITLE TEXT FOR A FIGURE, ETC. –> <!– Short phrase used to display or pronounce

as an alternative to providing the full
graphic for accessibility display or 
graphic-limited websites or devices. For 
example, <alt-text> may be used to display 
"behind" a figure or graphic.   
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=alt-text
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=alt-text
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=alt-text
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=alt-text
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT alt-text

%alt-text-model;                                        >

<!ATTLIST alt-text

%alt-text-atts;                                         >

<!– LONG DESCRIPTION ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements to be mixed with data characters

inside the <long-desc> element             -->

<!ENTITY % long-desc-elements

""                                           >

<!– LONG DESCRIPTION –> <!– Description or summary of the content of a

graphical object, table, or textual object
such as a text box, used by some systems to
make the object accessible, even to people
or systems that cannot read/see/display the
object.                                  
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=long-desc
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=long-desc
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=long-desc
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=long-desc
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT long-desc (#PCDATA %long-desc-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST long-desc

%long-desc-atts;                                        >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– CUSTOM METADATA ELEMENTS –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– CUSTOM METADATA GROUP MODEL –> <!– Content model for the <custom-meta-group>

element                                    -->

<!ENTITY % custom-meta-group-model

"(custom-meta+)"                             >

<!– CUSTOM METADATA GROUP –> <!– Some DTDs and schemas allow for metadata

above and beyond that which can be specified
by this DTD. This element is a grouping  
element used to contain all these additional
metadata elements.   
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=custom-meta-group
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=custom-meta-group
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=custom-meta-group
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT custom-meta-group

%custom-meta-group-model;                    >

<!– CUSTOM METADATA MODEL –> <!– Content model for the <custom-meta> element–> <!ENTITY % custom-meta-model

"(meta-name, meta-value)"                    >

<!– CUSTOM METADATA –> <!– Some DTDs and schemas allow for metadata

above and beyond that which can be specified
by this DTD. This element is used to capture
metadata elements that have not been defined
explicitly in the models for this DTD, so 
that the intellectual content will not be lost.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=custom-meta
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=custom-meta
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=custom-meta
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT custom-meta %custom-meta-model; > <!ATTLIST custom-meta

%custom-meta-atts;                                      >

<!– METADATA DATA NAME ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements that may be used, along with data

characters, inside the <meta-name> element 
Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar, but since %simple-phrase; is an 
inline mix, the OR bar is already there.   -->

<!ENTITY % meta-name-elements

""                                           >

<!– METADATA DATA NAME FOR CUSTOM METADATA –> <!– The <custom-meta> element

allows for an infinite number of name/value
pairs, with few constraints on the length or
content of the value. This element contains
the name of the metadata field.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=meta-name
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=meta-name
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=meta-name
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT meta-name (#PCDATA %meta-name-elements;)* >

<!– METADATA DATA VALUE ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements that may be used, along with data

characters, inside the <meta-value> element 
Design Note: All inline mixes begin with an
OR bar, but since %simple-phrase; is an 
inline mix, the OR bar is already there.   -->

<!ENTITY % meta-value-elements

"%simple-phrase;"                            >

<!– METADATA DATA VALUE FOR CUSTOM METADATA –> <!– The <custom-meta> element

allows for an infinite number of name/value
pairs, with few constraints on the length or
content of the value. This element contains
the value of the metadata field that is named
by the <meta-name> element.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=meta-value
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=meta-value
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=meta-value
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT meta-value (#PCDATA %meta-value-elements;)* >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– PROCESSING ALTERNATIVES ELEMENTS –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– ALTERNATIVES MODEL –> <!– Model for the <alternatives> processing

alternatives element                       -->

<!ENTITY % alternatives-model

"(%alternatives-display.class; | 
  %math.class;)+"                            >

<!– ALTERNATIVES FOR PROCESSING –> <!– Container element used to hold a group of

processing alternatives, for example, a
single logical <graphic> that ships in 
different formats (tif, gif, jpeg) or
different resolutions. This element is a 
physical grouping to contain multiple 
logically equivalent (substitutable) versions 
of the same information object. 
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=alternatives
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=alternatives
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=alternatives
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=alternatives
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT alternatives %alternatives-model; >

<!– TEXTUAL FORM ELEMENTS –> <!– Model for the <textual-form> element –> <!ENTITY % textual-form-elements

"%emphasis.class; | 
 %inline-display-noalt.class; |
 %math.class; | 
 %phrase-content.class; | %subsup.class;"    >

<!– TEXTUAL FORM –> <!– Container element (for use only inside

<alternatives>) that will hold text and
mixed content objects that act as alternatives
to, for example, graphics.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=textual-form
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=textual-form
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/articleauthoring/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=textual-form
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/book/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=textual-form
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT textual-form (#PCDATA | %textual-form-elements;)* >

<!– ============================================================= –> <!– GENERATED TEXT OR PUNCTUATION –> <!– ============================================================= –>

<!– X TEXT ATTRIBUTES –> <!– Attributes for the element <x> –> <!ENTITY % x-atts

"content-type
           CDATA                               #IMPLIED 
 xml:space (default | preserve)      #FIXED 'preserve'"  >

<!– X ELEMENTS –> <!– Elements for use inside the <x> element –> <!ENTITY % x-elements “” >

<!– X - GENERATED TEXT AND PUNCTUATION –> <!– A container element to hold punctuation or

other generated text, typically when 1) an
archive decides not to have any text
generated and thus to pre-generate such 
things as commas or semicolons between 
keywords or 2) when an archive receives text
with <x> tags embedded and wishes to retain
them.
Details at: 
http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/3.0/index.html?elem=x
                                           -->

<!ELEMENT x (#PCDATA %x-elements;)* > <!ATTLIST x

%x-atts;                                                >

<!– ================== End Common (Shared) Elements Module ====== –>