# Helm

## Declarative

You can install Helm charts through the UI, or in the declarative GitOps way.  
Helm is [only used to inflate charts with `helm template`](../../faq#after-deploying-my-helm-application-with-argo-cd-i-cannot-see-it-with-helm-ls-and-other-helm-commands). The lifecycle of the application is handled by Argo CD instead of Helm.
Here is an example:

```yaml
apiVersion: argoproj.io/v1alpha1
kind: Application
metadata:
  name: sealed-secrets
  namespace: argocd
spec:
  project: default
  source:
    chart: sealed-secrets
    repoURL: https://bitnami-labs.github.io/sealed-secrets
    targetRevision: 1.16.1
    helm:
      releaseName: sealed-secrets
  destination:
    server: "https://kubernetes.default.svc"
    namespace: kubeseal
```

Another example using a public OCI helm chart:
```yaml
apiVersion: argoproj.io/v1alpha1
kind: Application
metadata:
  name: nginx
spec:
  project: default
  source:
    chart: nginx
    repoURL: registry-1.docker.io/bitnamicharts  # note: the oci:// syntax is not included.
    targetRevision: 15.9.0
  destination:
    name: "in-cluster"
    namespace: nginx
```

> [!NOTE]
> **When using Helm there are multiple ways to provide values**
>
> Order of precedence is `parameters > valuesObject > values > valueFiles > helm repository values.yaml` (see [Here](./helm.md#helm-value-precedence) for a more detailed example)

See [here](../operator-manual/declarative-setup.md#helm) for more info about how to configure private Helm repositories and private OCI registries.

## Values Files

Helm has the ability to use a different, or even multiple "values.yaml" files to derive its
parameters from. Alternate or multiple values file(s), can be specified using the `--values`
flag. The flag can be repeated to support multiple values files:

```bash
argocd app set helm-guestbook --values values-production.yaml
```
> [!NOTE]
> Before `v2.6` of Argo CD, Values files must be in the same git repository as the Helm
> chart. The files can be in a different location in which case it can be accessed using
> a relative path relative to the root directory of the Helm chart.
> As of `v2.6`, values files can be sourced from a separate repository than the Helm chart
> by taking advantage of [multiple sources for Applications](./multiple_sources.md#helm-value-files-from-external-git-repository).

In the declarative syntax:

```yaml
source:
  helm:
    valueFiles:
    - values-production.yaml
```

If Helm is passed a non-existing value file during template expansion, it will error out. Missing
values files can be ignored (meaning, not passed to Helm) using the `--ignore-missing-value-files`. This can be
particularly helpful to implement a [default/override
pattern](https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/issues/7767#issue-1060611415) with [Application
Sets](./application-set.md).

In the declarative syntax:
```yaml
source:
  helm:
    valueFiles:
    - values-common.yaml
    - values-optional-override.yaml
    ignoreMissingValueFiles: true
```

## Values

Argo CD supports the equivalent of a values file directly in the Application manifest using the `source.helm.valuesObject` key.

```yaml
source:
  helm:
    valuesObject:
      ingress:
        enabled: true
        path: /
        hosts:
          - mydomain.example.com
        annotations:
          kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
          kubernetes.io/tls-acme: "true"
        labels: {}
        tls:
          - secretName: mydomain-tls
            hosts:
              - mydomain.example.com
```

Alternatively, values can be passed in as a string using the `source.helm.values` key.

```yaml
source:
  helm:
    values: |
      ingress:
        enabled: true
        path: /
        hosts:
          - mydomain.example.com
        annotations:
          kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
          kubernetes.io/tls-acme: "true"
        labels: {}
        tls:
          - secretName: mydomain-tls
            hosts:
              - mydomain.example.com
```

## Helm Parameters

Helm has the ability to set parameter values, which override any values in
a `values.yaml`. For example, `service.type` is a common parameter which is exposed in a Helm chart:

```bash
helm template . --set service.type=LoadBalancer
```

Similarly, Argo CD can override values in the `values.yaml` parameters using `argocd app set` command,
in the form of `-p PARAM=VALUE`. For example:

```bash
argocd app set helm-guestbook -p service.type=LoadBalancer
```

In the declarative syntax:

```yaml
source:
  helm:
    parameters:
    - name: "service.type"
      value: LoadBalancer
```

## Helm Value Precedence
Values injections have the following order of precedence
 `parameters > valuesObject > values > valueFiles > helm repository values.yaml`
 Or rather

```
    lowest  -> valueFiles
            -> values
            -> valuesObject
    highest -> parameters
```

So valuesObject trumps values - therefore values will be ignored, and both valuesObject and values trump valueFiles.
Parameters trump all of them.

Precedence of multiple valueFiles:
When multiple valueFiles are specified, the last file listed has the highest precedence:

```
valueFiles:
  - values-file-2.yaml
  - values-file-1.yaml

In this case, values-file-1.yaml will override values from values-file-2.yaml.
```

When multiple of the same key are found the last one wins i.e 

```
e.g. if we only have values-file-1.yaml and it contains

param1: value1
param1: value3000

we get param1=value3000
```

```
parameters:
  - name: "param1"
    value: value2
  - name: "param1"
    value: value1

the result will be param1=value1
```

```
values: |
  param1: value2
  param1: value5

the result will be param1=value5
```

> [!NOTE]
> **When valueFiles or values is used**
>
> The chart is rendered correctly using the set of values from the different possible sources plus any parameters, merged in the expected order as documented here.
> There is a bug (see [this issue](https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/issues/9213)) in the UI that only shows the parameters, i.e. it does not represent the complete set of values.
> As a workaround, using parameters instead of values/valuesObject will provide a better overview of what will be used for resources.

## Helm --set-file support

The `--set-file` argument to helm can be used with the following syntax on
the cli:

```bash
argocd app set helm-guestbook --helm-set-file some.key=path/to/file.ext
```

or using the fileParameters for yaml:

```yaml
source:
  helm:
    fileParameters:
      - name: some.key
        path: path/to/file.ext
```

## Helm Release Name

By default, the Helm release name is equal to the Application name to which it belongs. Sometimes, especially on a centralised Argo CD,
you may want to override that  name, and it is possible with the `release-name` flag on the cli:

```bash
argocd app set helm-guestbook --release-name myRelease
```

 or using the releaseName for yaml:

```yaml
source:
    helm:
      releaseName: myRelease
```

> [!WARNING]
> **Important notice on overriding the release name**
>
> Please note that overriding the Helm release name might cause problems when the chart you are deploying is using the `app.kubernetes.io/instance` label. Argo CD injects this label with the value of the Application name for tracking purposes. So when overriding the release name, the Application name will stop being equal to the release name. Because Argo CD will overwrite the label with the Application name it might cause some selectors on the resources to stop working. In order to avoid this we can configure Argo CD to use another label for tracking in the [ArgoCD configmap argocd-cm.yaml](../operator-manual/argocd-cm.yaml) - check the lines describing `application.instanceLabelKey`.

## Helm Hooks

Helm hooks are similar to [Argo CD hooks](resource_hooks.md). In Helm, a hook
is any normal Kubernetes resource annotated with the `helm.sh/hook` annotation.

Argo CD supports many (most?) Helm hooks by mapping the Helm annotations onto Argo CD's own hook annotations:

| Helm Annotation                 | Notes                                                                                         |
| ------------------------------- |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `helm.sh/hook: crd-install`     | Supported as equivalent to normal Argo CD CRD handling.                                |
| `helm.sh/hook: pre-delete`      | Supported as equivalent to `argocd.argoproj.io/hook: PreDelete`                               |
| `helm.sh/hook: pre-rollback`    | Not supported. Never used in Helm stable.                                                     |
| `helm.sh/hook: pre-install`     | Supported as equivalent to `argocd.argoproj.io/hook: PreSync`.                                |
| `helm.sh/hook: pre-upgrade`     | Supported as equivalent to `argocd.argoproj.io/hook: PreSync`.                                |
| `helm.sh/hook: post-upgrade`    | Supported as equivalent to `argocd.argoproj.io/hook: PostSync`.                               |
| `helm.sh/hook: post-install`    | Supported as equivalent to `argocd.argoproj.io/hook: PostSync`.                               |
| `helm.sh/hook: post-delete`     | Supported as equivalent to `argocd.argoproj.io/hook: PostDelete`.                             |
| `helm.sh/hook: post-rollback`   | Not supported. Never used in Helm stable.                                                     |
| `helm.sh/hook: test-success`    | Not supported. No equivalent in Argo CD.                                                      |
| `helm.sh/hook: test-failure`    | Not supported. No equivalent in Argo CD.                                                      |
| `helm.sh/hook-delete-policy`    | Supported. See also `argocd.argoproj.io/hook-delete-policy`).                                 |
| `helm.sh/hook-delete-timeout`   | Not supported. Never used in Helm stable                                                      |
| `helm.sh/hook-weight`           | Supported as equivalent to `argocd.argoproj.io/sync-wave`.                                    |
| `helm.sh/resource-policy: keep` | Supported as equivalent to `argocd.argoproj.io/sync-options: Delete=false`.                   |

Unsupported hooks are ignored. In Argo CD, hooks are created by using `kubectl apply`, rather than `kubectl create`. This means that if the hook is named and already exists, it will not change unless you have annotated it with `before-hook-creation`.

> [!WARNING]
> **Helm hooks + ArgoCD hooks**
>
> If you define any Argo CD hooks, _all_ Helm hooks will be ignored.   

> [!WARNING]
> **'install' vs 'upgrade' vs 'sync'**
>
> Argo CD cannot know if it is running a first-time "install" or an "upgrade" - every operation is a "sync'. This means that, by default, apps that have `pre-install` and `pre-upgrade` will have those hooks run at the same time.

### Hook Tips

* Make your hook idempotent.
* Annotate  `pre-install` and `post-install` with `hook-weight: "-1"`. This will make sure it runs to success before any upgrade hooks.
* Annotate `pre-upgrade` and `post-upgrade` with `hook-delete-policy: before-hook-creation` to make sure it runs on every sync.

Read more about [Argo hooks](resource_hooks.md) and [Helm hooks](https://helm.sh/docs/topics/charts_hooks/).

## Random Data

Helm templating has the ability to generate random data during chart rendering via the
`randAlphaNum` function. Many helm charts from the [charts repository](https://github.com/helm/charts)
make use of this feature. For example, the following is the secret for the
[redis helm chart](https://github.com/helm/charts/blob/master/stable/redis/templates/secret.yaml):

```yaml
data:
  {{- if .Values.password }}
  redis-password: {{ .Values.password | b64enc | quote }}
  {{- else }}
  redis-password: {{ randAlphaNum 10 | b64enc | quote }}
  {{- end }}
```

The Argo CD application controller periodically compares Git state against the live state, running
the `helm template <CHART>` command to generate the helm manifests. Because the random value is
regenerated every time the comparison is made, any application which makes use of the `randAlphaNum`
function will always be in an `OutOfSync` state. This can be mitigated by explicitly setting a
value in the values.yaml or using `argocd app set` command to override the value such that the value
is stable between each comparison. For example:

```bash
argocd app set redis -p password=abc123
```

## Build Environment

Helm apps have access to the [standard build environment](build-environment.md) via substitution as parameters.

E.g. via the CLI:

```bash
argocd app create APPNAME \
  --helm-set-string 'app=${ARGOCD_APP_NAME}'
```

Or via declarative syntax:

```yaml
  spec:
    source:
      helm:
        parameters:
        - name: app
          value: $ARGOCD_APP_NAME
```

It's also possible to use build environment variables for the Helm values file path:

```yaml
  spec:
    source:
      helm:
        valueFiles:
        - values.yaml
        - myprotocol://somepath/$ARGOCD_APP_NAME/$ARGOCD_APP_REVISION
```

## Helm plugins

Argo CD is un-opinionated on what cloud provider you use and what kind of Helm plugins you are using, that's why there are no plugins delivered with the ArgoCD image.

But sometimes you want to use a custom plugin. Perhaps you would like to use Google Cloud Storage or Amazon S3 storage to save the Helm charts, for example: https://github.com/hayorov/helm-gcs where you can use `gs://` protocol for Helm chart repository access.
There are two ways to install custom plugins; you can modify the ArgoCD container image, or you can use a Kubernetes `initContainer`.

### Modifying the ArgoCD container image
One way to use this plugin is to prepare your own ArgoCD image where it is included.

Example `Dockerfile`:

```dockerfile
FROM argoproj/argocd:v1.5.7

USER root
RUN apt-get update && \
    apt-get install -y \
        curl && \
    apt-get clean && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*

USER argocd

ARG GCS_PLUGIN_VERSION="0.3.5"
ARG GCS_PLUGIN_REPO="https://github.com/hayorov/helm-gcs.git"

RUN helm plugin install ${GCS_PLUGIN_REPO} --version ${GCS_PLUGIN_VERSION}

ENV HELM_PLUGINS="/home/argocd/.local/share/helm/plugins/"
```

The `HELM_PLUGINS` environment property required for ArgoCD to locate plugins correctly.

Once built, use the custom image for ArgoCD installation.

### Using `initContainers`
Another option is to install Helm plugins via Kubernetes `initContainers`.
Some users find this pattern preferable to maintaining their own version of the ArgoCD container image.

Below is an example of how to add Helm plugins when installing ArgoCD with the [official ArgoCD helm chart](https://github.com/argoproj/argo-helm/tree/master/charts/argo-cd):

```yaml
repoServer:
  volumes:
    - name: gcp-credentials
      secret:
        secretName: my-gcp-credentials
  volumeMounts:
    - name: gcp-credentials
      mountPath: /gcp
  env:
    - name: HELM_CACHE_HOME
      value: /helm-working-dir
    - name: HELM_CONFIG_HOME
      value: /helm-working-dir
    - name: HELM_DATA_HOME
      value: /helm-working-dir
  initContainers:
    - name: helm-gcp-authentication
      image: alpine/helm:3.16.1
      volumeMounts:
        - name: helm-working-dir
          mountPath: /helm-working-dir
        - name: gcp-credentials
          mountPath: /gcp
      env:
        - name: HELM_CACHE_HOME
          value: /helm-working-dir
        - name: HELM_CONFIG_HOME
          value: /helm-working-dir
        - name: HELM_DATA_HOME
          value: /helm-working-dir
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c" ]
      args:
        - apk --no-cache add curl;
          helm plugin install https://github.com/hayorov/helm-gcs.git;
          helm repo add my-gcs-repo gs://my-private-helm-gcs-repository;
          chmod -R 777 $HELM_DATA_HOME;
```

## Helm Version

Argo CD will assume that the Helm chart is v3 (even if the apiVersion field in the chart is Helm v2), unless v2 is explicitly specified within the Argo CD Application (see below).

If needed, it is possible to specifically set the Helm version to template with by setting the `helm-version` flag on the cli (either v2 or v3):

```bash
argocd app set helm-guestbook --helm-version v3
```

Or using declarative syntax:

```yaml
spec:
  source:
    helm:
      version: v3
```

## Helm `--pass-credentials`

Helm, [starting with v3.6.1](https://github.com/helm/helm/releases/tag/v3.6.1),
prevents sending repository credentials to download charts that are being served
from a different domain than the repository.

If needed, it is possible to opt into passing credentials for all domains by setting the `helm-pass-credentials` flag on the cli:

```bash
argocd app set helm-guestbook --helm-pass-credentials
```

Or using declarative syntax:

```yaml
spec:
  source:
    helm:
      passCredentials: true
```

## Helm `--skip-crds`

Helm installs custom resource definitions in the `crds` folder by default if they are not existing. 
See the [CRD best practices](https://helm.sh/docs/chart_best_practices/custom_resource_definitions/) for details.

If needed, it is possible to skip the CRD installation step with the `helm-skip-crds` flag on the cli:

```bash
argocd app set helm-guestbook --helm-skip-crds
```

Or using declarative syntax:

```yaml
spec:
  source:
    helm:
      skipCrds: true
```

## Helm `--skip-schema-validation`

Helm validates the values.yaml file using a values.schema.json file. See [Schema files](https://helm.sh/docs/topics/charts/#schema-files) for details.

If needed, it is possible to skip the schema validation step with the `helm-skip-schema-validation` flag on the cli:

```bash
argocd app set helm-guestbook --helm-skip-schema-validation
```

Or using declarative syntax:

```yaml
spec:
  source:
    helm:
      skipSchemaValidation: true
```


## Helm `--skip-tests`

By default, Helm includes test manifests when rendering templates. Argo CD currently skips manifests that include hooks not supported by Argo CD, including [Helm test hooks](https://helm.sh/docs/topics/chart_tests/). While this feature covers many testing use cases, it is not totally congruent with --skip-tests, so the --skip-tests option can be used.

If needed, it is possible to skip the test manifests installation step with the `helm-skip-tests` flag on the cli:

```bash
argocd app set helm-guestbook --helm-skip-tests
```

Or using declarative syntax:

```yaml
spec:
  source:
    helm:
      skipTests: true # or false
```
