// Copyright (c) 2011-present, Facebook, Inc.  All rights reserved.
//  This source code is licensed under both the GPLv2 (found in the
//  COPYING file in the root directory) and Apache 2.0 License
//  (found in the LICENSE.Apache file in the root directory).
//
// An example code demonstrating how to use CompactFiles, EventListener,
// and GetColumnFamilyMetaData APIs to implement custom compaction algorithm.

#include <mutex>
#include <string>
#include "rocksdb/db.h"
#include "rocksdb/env.h"
#include "rocksdb/options.h"

using ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::ColumnFamilyMetaData;
using ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::CompactionOptions;
using ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::DB;
using ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::EventListener;
using ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::FlushJobInfo;
using ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::Options;
using ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::ReadOptions;
using ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::Status;
using ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::WriteOptions;

#if defined(OS_WIN)
std::string kDBPath = "C:\\Windows\\TEMP\\rocksdb_compact_files_example";
#else
std::string kDBPath = "/tmp/rocksdb_compact_files_example";
#endif

struct CompactionTask;

// This is an example interface of external-compaction algorithm.
// Compaction algorithm can be implemented outside the core-RocksDB
// code by using the pluggable compaction APIs that RocksDb provides.
class Compactor : public EventListener {
 public:
  // Picks and returns a compaction task given the specified DB
  // and column family.  It is the caller's responsibility to
  // destroy the returned CompactionTask.  Returns "nullptr"
  // if it cannot find a proper compaction task.
  virtual CompactionTask* PickCompaction(
      DB* db, const std::string& cf_name) = 0;

  // Schedule and run the specified compaction task in background.
  virtual void ScheduleCompaction(CompactionTask *task) = 0;
};

// Example structure that describes a compaction task.
struct CompactionTask {
  CompactionTask(
      DB* _db, Compactor* _compactor,
      const std::string& _column_family_name,
      const std::vector<std::string>& _input_file_names,
      const int _output_level,
      const CompactionOptions& _compact_options,
      bool _retry_on_fail)
          : db(_db),
            compactor(_compactor),
            column_family_name(_column_family_name),
            input_file_names(_input_file_names),
            output_level(_output_level),
            compact_options(_compact_options),
            retry_on_fail(_retry_on_fail) {}
  DB* db;
  Compactor* compactor;
  const std::string& column_family_name;
  std::vector<std::string> input_file_names;
  int output_level;
  CompactionOptions compact_options;
  bool retry_on_fail;
};

// A simple compaction algorithm that always compacts everything
// to the highest level whenever possible.
class FullCompactor : public Compactor {
 public:
  explicit FullCompactor(const Options options) : options_(options) {
    compact_options_.compression = options_.compression;
    compact_options_.output_file_size_limit =
        options_.target_file_size_base;
  }

  // When flush happens, it determines whether to trigger compaction. If
  // triggered_writes_stop is true, it will also set the retry flag of
  // compaction-task to true.
  void OnFlushCompleted(
      DB* db, const FlushJobInfo& info) override {
    CompactionTask* task = PickCompaction(db, info.cf_name);
    if (task != nullptr) {
      if (info.triggered_writes_stop) {
        task->retry_on_fail = true;
      }
      // Schedule compaction in a different thread.
      ScheduleCompaction(task);
    }
  }

  // Always pick a compaction which includes all files whenever possible.
  CompactionTask* PickCompaction(
      DB* db, const std::string& cf_name) override {
    ColumnFamilyMetaData cf_meta;
    db->GetColumnFamilyMetaData(&cf_meta);

    std::vector<std::string> input_file_names;
    for (auto level : cf_meta.levels) {
      for (auto file : level.files) {
        if (file.being_compacted) {
          return nullptr;
        }
        input_file_names.push_back(file.name);
      }
    }
    return new CompactionTask(
        db, this, cf_name, input_file_names,
        options_.num_levels - 1, compact_options_, false);
  }

  // Schedule the specified compaction task in background.
  void ScheduleCompaction(CompactionTask* task) override {
    options_.env->Schedule(&FullCompactor::CompactFiles, task);
  }

  static void CompactFiles(void* arg) {
    std::unique_ptr<CompactionTask> task(
        reinterpret_cast<CompactionTask*>(arg));
    assert(task);
    assert(task->db);
    Status s = task->db->CompactFiles(
        task->compact_options,
        task->input_file_names,
        task->output_level);
    printf("CompactFiles() finished with status %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
    if (!s.ok() && !s.IsIOError() && task->retry_on_fail) {
      // If a compaction task with its retry_on_fail=true failed,
      // try to schedule another compaction in case the reason
      // is not an IO error.
      CompactionTask* new_task = task->compactor->PickCompaction(
          task->db, task->column_family_name);
      task->compactor->ScheduleCompaction(new_task);
    }
  }

 private:
  Options options_;
  CompactionOptions compact_options_;
};

int main() {
  Options options;
  options.create_if_missing = true;
  // Disable RocksDB background compaction.
  options.compaction_style = ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::kCompactionStyleNone;
  // Small slowdown and stop trigger for experimental purpose.
  options.level0_slowdown_writes_trigger = 3;
  options.level0_stop_writes_trigger = 5;
  options.IncreaseParallelism(5);
  options.listeners.emplace_back(new FullCompactor(options));

  DB* db = nullptr;
  ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::DestroyDB(kDBPath, options);
  Status s = DB::Open(options, kDBPath, &db);
  assert(s.ok());
  assert(db);

  // if background compaction is not working, write will stall
  // because of options.level0_stop_writes_trigger
  for (int i = 1000; i < 99999; ++i) {
    db->Put(WriteOptions(), std::to_string(i),
                            std::string(500, 'a' + (i % 26)));
  }

  // verify the values are still there
  std::string value;
  for (int i = 1000; i < 99999; ++i) {
    db->Get(ReadOptions(), std::to_string(i),
                           &value);
    assert(value == std::string(500, 'a' + (i % 26)));
  }

  // close the db.
  delete db;

  return 0;
}
