/*=========================================================================
 *
 *  Copyright NumFOCUS
 *
 *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *         https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 *
 *=========================================================================*/
#ifndef itkNarrowBandImageFilterBase_hxx
#define itkNarrowBandImageFilterBase_hxx

#include "itkShiftScaleImageFilter.h"

namespace itk
{
template <typename TInputImage, typename TOutputImage>
void
NarrowBandImageFilterBase<TInputImage, TOutputImage>::ClearNarrowBand()
{
  m_NarrowBand->Clear();
}

template <typename TInputImage, typename TOutputImage>
void
NarrowBandImageFilterBase<TInputImage, TOutputImage>::CopyInputToOutput()
{
  //   First need to subtract the iso-surface value from the input image.
  using ShiftScaleFilterType = ShiftScaleImageFilter<InputImageType, OutputImageType>;
  auto shiftScaleFilter = ShiftScaleFilterType::New();
  shiftScaleFilter->SetInput(this->GetInput());
  shiftScaleFilter->SetShift(-m_IsoSurfaceValue);
  shiftScaleFilter->Update();
  this->GraftOutput(shiftScaleFilter->GetOutput());
}

template <typename TInputImage, typename TOutputImage>
void
NarrowBandImageFilterBase<TInputImage, TOutputImage>::GenerateData()
{
  const int           numberOfWorkUnits = this->GetNumberOfWorkUnits();
  MultiThreaderBase * mt = this->GetMultiThreader();

  // if it is not initialized
  if (!this->m_IsInitialized)
  {
    // Allocate the output image
    const typename TOutputImage::Pointer output = this->GetOutput();
    output->SetBufferedRegion(output->GetRequestedRegion());
    output->Allocate();

    // Set the number of work units before any other initialization happens
    mt->SetNumberOfWorkUnits(numberOfWorkUnits);

    // Copy the input image to the output image.  Algorithms will operate
    // directly on the output image and the update buffer.
    this->CopyInputToOutput();

    // Perform any other necessary pre-iteration initialization.
    this->Initialize();

    // Allocate the internal update buffer.  This takes place entirely within
    // the subclass, since this class cannot define an update buffer type.
    this->AllocateUpdateBuffer();

    // Iterative algorithm
    this->SetElapsedIterations(0);

    this->m_IsInitialized = true;
  }


  MultiThreaderBase::WorkUnitInfo wui;
  wui.WorkUnitID = 0;
  wui.NumberOfWorkUnits = numberOfWorkUnits;
  wui.UserData = nullptr;
  wui.ThreadFunction = nullptr;

  TimeStepType              timeStep;
  std::vector<TimeStepType> timeStepList(numberOfWorkUnits, TimeStepType{});
  BooleanStdVectorType      validTimeStepList(numberOfWorkUnits, true);

  // Implement iterative loop in thread function
  // ThreadedApplyUpdate and ThreadedCalculateChanged
  // is called instead of ApplyUpdate and CalculateChange
  IdentifierType iter = 0;
  while (!(this->ThreadedHalt(&wui)))
  {
    this->InitializeIteration(); // An optional method for precalculating
                                 // global values, or otherwise setting up
                                 // for the next iteration


    mt->ParallelizeArray(
      0,
      numberOfWorkUnits,
      [&](SizeValueType threadId) {
        // Update region to process for current thread
        // Execute the actual method with appropriate output region
        // first find out how many pieces extent can be split into.
        // Use GetSplitRegion to access partition previously computed by
        // the SplitRegions function in the itkNarrowBand class.
        ThreadRegionType splitRegion;
        this->GetSplitRegion(threadId, splitRegion);

        // Threaded Calculate Change
        validTimeStepList[threadId] = false;
        timeStepList[threadId] = this->ThreadedCalculateChange(splitRegion);
        validTimeStepList[threadId] = true;
      },
      nullptr);

    // Calculate the time step
    timeStep = this->ResolveTimeStep(timeStepList, validTimeStepList);

    mt->ParallelizeArray(
      0,
      numberOfWorkUnits,
      [&](SizeValueType threadId) {
        ThreadRegionType splitRegion;
        this->GetSplitRegion(threadId, splitRegion);

        // Threaded Apply Update
        this->ThreadedApplyUpdate(timeStep, splitRegion, threadId);

        // Reset ValidTimeStepList
        validTimeStepList[threadId] = false;
      },
      nullptr);


    ++iter;
    ++m_Step;
    this->SetElapsedIterations(iter);

    // Invoke the iteration event.
    this->InvokeEvent(IterationEvent());
    this->InvokeEvent(ProgressEvent());
    if (this->GetAbortGenerateData())
    {
      this->InvokeEvent(IterationEvent());
      this->ResetPipeline();
      ProcessAborted e(__FILE__, __LINE__);
      e.SetDescription("Process aborted.");
      e.SetLocation(ITK_LOCATION);
      throw e;
    }
  }

  // multi-threaded part is done
  if (!this->GetManualReinitialization())
  {
    // Reset the state once execution is completed
    this->m_IsInitialized = false;
  }

  // Any further processing of the solution can be done here.
  this->PostProcessOutput();
}

template <typename TInputImage, typename TOutputImage>
void
NarrowBandImageFilterBase<TInputImage, TOutputImage>::Initialize()
{
  m_Step = 0;

  ClearNarrowBand();
  CreateNarrowBand();

  // SetNarrowBand is expected to be defined in a subclass.
  // It should use the InsertNarrowBandNode function, which takes care of
  // memory management issues, to create the desired narrow band.

  m_RegionList = m_NarrowBand->SplitBand(this->GetNumberOfWorkUnits());

  // The narrow band is split into multi-threading regions once here for
  // computationally efficiency. Later GetSplitRegions is used to access these
  // partitions. This assumes that the band will not be changed until another
  // call to Initialize(). Any reinitialization function also must call the
  // SplitRegions function.

  // Allocation of flag variable to check if a given thread touch the outer part
  // of the narrowband. If this part is touched, band should be reinitialized.
  m_TouchedForThread.resize(this->GetNumberOfWorkUnits(), false);
}

template <typename TInputImage, typename TOutputImage>
void
NarrowBandImageFilterBase<TInputImage, TOutputImage>::InitializeIteration()
{
  // Set m_Touched flag from threads information
  for (ThreadIdType i = 0; i < this->GetNumberOfWorkUnits(); ++i)
  {
    m_Touched = (m_Touched || m_TouchedForThread[i]);
    m_TouchedForThread[i] = false;
  }
  // Check if we have to reinitialize the narrowband
  if (m_Touched || ((this->GetElapsedIterations() > 0) && (this->m_Step == m_ReinitializationFrequency)))
  {
    // Reinitialize the narrowband properly
    CreateNarrowBand();

    // Rebuild the narrow band splits used in multithreading
    m_RegionList = m_NarrowBand->SplitBand(this->GetNumberOfWorkUnits());

    m_Step = 0;
    m_Touched = false;
  }
}

template <typename TInputImage, typename TOutputImage>
void
NarrowBandImageFilterBase<TInputImage, TOutputImage>::ThreadedApplyUpdate(const TimeStepType &     dt,
                                                                          const ThreadRegionType & regionToProcess,
                                                                          ThreadIdType             threadId)
{
  // constexpr int INNER_MASK = 2;
  constexpr signed char INNER_MASK{ 2 };

  const typename OutputImageType::Pointer image = this->GetOutput();
  for (auto it = regionToProcess.first; it != regionToProcess.last; ++it)
  {
    typename OutputImageType::PixelType oldvalue = image->GetPixel(it->m_Index);
    typename OutputImageType::PixelType newvalue = oldvalue + dt * it->m_Data;
    // Check whether solution is out the inner band or not
    m_TouchedForThread[threadId] =
      (m_TouchedForThread[threadId] || (!(it->m_NodeState & INNER_MASK) && ((oldvalue > 0) != (newvalue > 0))));
    image->SetPixel(it->m_Index, newvalue);
  }
}

template <typename TInputImage, typename TOutputImage>
auto
NarrowBandImageFilterBase<TInputImage, TOutputImage>::ThreadedCalculateChange(const ThreadRegionType & regionToProcess)
  -> TimeStepType
{
  using OutputSizeType = typename OutputImageType::SizeType;

  using NeighborhoodIteratorType = typename FiniteDifferenceFunctionType::NeighborhoodType;

  const typename OutputImageType::Pointer output = this->GetOutput();

  // Get the FiniteDifferenceFunction to use in calculations.
  const typename FiniteDifferenceFunctionType::Pointer df = this->GetDifferenceFunction();
  const OutputSizeType                                 radius = df->GetRadius();

  // Ask the function object for a pointer to a data structure it will use to
  // manage any global values it needs.  We'll pass this back to the function
  // object at each calculation so that the function object can use it to
  // determine a time step for this iteration.
  void * globalData = df->GetGlobalDataPointer();

  typename NarrowBandType::Iterator bandIt;
  NeighborhoodIteratorType          outputIt(radius, output, output->GetRequestedRegion());

  for (bandIt = regionToProcess.first; bandIt != regionToProcess.last; ++bandIt)
  {
    outputIt.SetLocation(bandIt->m_Index);
    bandIt->m_Data = df->ComputeUpdate(outputIt, globalData);
  }

  // Ask the finite difference function to compute the time step for
  // this iteration.  We give it the global data pointer to use, then
  // ask it to free the global data memory.
  TimeStepType timeStep = df->ComputeGlobalTimeStep(globalData);
  df->ReleaseGlobalDataPointer(globalData);

  return timeStep;
}

template <typename TInputImage, typename TOutputImage>
void
NarrowBandImageFilterBase<TInputImage, TOutputImage>::GetSplitRegion(const size_t & i, ThreadRegionType & splitRegion)
{
  splitRegion.first = m_RegionList[i].Begin;
  splitRegion.last = m_RegionList[i].End;
}

template <typename TInputImage, typename TOutputImage>
void
NarrowBandImageFilterBase<TInputImage, TOutputImage>::PrintSelf(std::ostream & os, Indent indent) const
{
  Superclass::PrintSelf(os, indent);
  os << indent << "IsoSurfaceValue: " << static_cast<typename NumericTraits<ValueType>::PrintType>(m_IsoSurfaceValue)
     << std::endl;
}
} // end namespace itk

#endif
