class Nokogiri::XML::Document
Nokogiri::XML::Document wraps an xml document.
Nokogiri::XML::Document is the main entry point for dealing with XML documents. The Document is created by parsing an XML document. See ::parse for more information on parsing.
For searching a Document, see Nokogiri::XML::Searchable#css and Nokogiri::XML::Searchable#xpath
Constants
- NCNAME_CHAR
- NCNAME_RE
- NCNAME_START_CHAR
See www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/#ns-decl for more details. Note that we're not attempting to handle unicode characters partly because libxml2 doesn't handle unicode characters in NCNAMEs.
Attributes
A list of Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError found when parsing a document
Public Class Methods
Create a new document with version
(defaults to “1.0”)
static VALUE new (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass) { xmlDocPtr doc; VALUE version, rest, rb_doc ; rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "0*", &rest); version = rb_ary_entry(rest, (long)0); if (NIL_P(version)) { version = rb_str_new2("1.0"); } doc = xmlNewDoc((xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(version)); rb_doc = noko_xml_document_wrap_with_init_args(klass, doc, argc, argv); return rb_doc ; }
Parse an XML file.
string_or_io
may be a String, or any object that responds to
read and close such as an IO, or StringIO.
url
(optional) is the URI where this document is located.
encoding
(optional) is the encoding that should be used when
processing the document.
options
(optional) is a configuration object that sets options
during parsing, such as Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions::RECOVER. See the Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions for more
information.
block
(optional) is passed a configuration object on which
parse options may be set.
By default, Nokogiri treats documents as untrusted, and so does not attempt to load DTDs or access the network. See Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions for a complete list of options; and that module's DEFAULT_XML constant for what's set (and not set) by default.
Nokogiri.XML() is a convenience method which will call this method.
# File lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb, line 48 def self.parse string_or_io, url = nil, encoding = nil, options = ParseOptions::DEFAULT_XML options = Nokogiri::XML::ParseOptions.new(options) if Integer === options yield options if block_given? url ||= string_or_io.respond_to?(:path) ? string_or_io.path : nil if empty_doc?(string_or_io) if options.strict? raise Nokogiri::XML::SyntaxError.new("Empty document") else return encoding ? new.tap { |i| i.encoding = encoding } : new end end doc = if string_or_io.respond_to?(:read) if string_or_io.is_a?(Pathname) # resolve the Pathname to the file and open it as an IO object, see #2110 string_or_io = string_or_io.expand_path.open url ||= string_or_io.path end read_io(string_or_io, url, encoding, options.to_i) else # read_memory pukes on empty docs read_memory(string_or_io, url, encoding, options.to_i) end # do xinclude processing doc.do_xinclude(options) if options.xinclude? return doc end
Create a new document from an IO object
static VALUE read_io(VALUE klass, VALUE io, VALUE url, VALUE encoding, VALUE options) { const char *c_url = NIL_P(url) ? NULL : StringValueCStr(url); const char *c_enc = NIL_P(encoding) ? NULL : StringValueCStr(encoding); VALUE error_list = rb_ary_new(); VALUE document; xmlDocPtr doc; xmlResetLastError(); xmlSetStructuredErrorFunc((void *)error_list, Nokogiri_error_array_pusher); doc = xmlReadIO( (xmlInputReadCallback)noko_io_read, (xmlInputCloseCallback)noko_io_close, (void *)io, c_url, c_enc, (int)NUM2INT(options) ); xmlSetStructuredErrorFunc(NULL, NULL); if (doc == NULL) { xmlErrorPtr error; xmlFreeDoc(doc); error = xmlGetLastError(); if (error) { rb_exc_raise(Nokogiri_wrap_xml_syntax_error(error)); } else { rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Could not parse document"); } return Qnil; } document = noko_xml_document_wrap(klass, doc); rb_iv_set(document, "@errors", error_list); return document; }
Create a new document from a String
static VALUE read_memory(VALUE klass, VALUE string, VALUE url, VALUE encoding, VALUE options) { const char *c_buffer = StringValuePtr(string); const char *c_url = NIL_P(url) ? NULL : StringValueCStr(url); const char *c_enc = NIL_P(encoding) ? NULL : StringValueCStr(encoding); int len = (int)RSTRING_LEN(string); VALUE error_list = rb_ary_new(); VALUE document; xmlDocPtr doc; xmlResetLastError(); xmlSetStructuredErrorFunc((void *)error_list, Nokogiri_error_array_pusher); doc = xmlReadMemory(c_buffer, len, c_url, c_enc, (int)NUM2INT(options)); xmlSetStructuredErrorFunc(NULL, NULL); if (doc == NULL) { xmlErrorPtr error; xmlFreeDoc(doc); error = xmlGetLastError(); if (error) { rb_exc_raise(Nokogiri_wrap_xml_syntax_error(error)); } else { rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Could not parse document"); } return Qnil; } document = noko_xml_document_wrap(klass, doc); rb_iv_set(document, "@errors", error_list); return document; }
Private Class Methods
# File lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb, line 321 def self.empty_doc? string_or_io string_or_io.nil? || (string_or_io.respond_to?(:empty?) && string_or_io.empty?) || (string_or_io.respond_to?(:eof?) && string_or_io.eof?) end
Public Instance Methods
# File lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb, line 307 def add_child node_or_tags raise "A document may not have multiple root nodes." if (root && root.name != 'nokogiri_text_wrapper') && !(node_or_tags.comment? || node_or_tags.processing_instruction?) node_or_tags = coerce(node_or_tags) if node_or_tags.is_a?(XML::NodeSet) raise "A document may not have multiple root nodes." if node_or_tags.size > 1 super(node_or_tags.first) else super end end
Canonicalize a document and return the results. Takes an optional block
that takes two parameters: the obj
and that node's
parent
. The obj
will be either a Nokogiri::XML::Node, or a Nokogiri::XML::Namespace The block must return a
non-nil, non-false value if the obj
passed in should be
included in the canonicalized document.
static VALUE rb_xml_document_canonicalize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self) { VALUE mode; VALUE incl_ns; VALUE with_comments; xmlChar **ns; long ns_len, i; xmlDocPtr doc; xmlOutputBufferPtr buf; xmlC14NIsVisibleCallback cb = NULL; void *ctx = NULL; VALUE rb_cStringIO; VALUE io; rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &mode, &incl_ns, &with_comments); Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDoc, doc); rb_cStringIO = rb_const_get_at(rb_cObject, rb_intern("StringIO")); io = rb_class_new_instance(0, 0, rb_cStringIO); buf = xmlAllocOutputBuffer(NULL); buf->writecallback = (xmlOutputWriteCallback)noko_io_write; buf->closecallback = (xmlOutputCloseCallback)noko_io_close; buf->context = (void *)io; if (rb_block_given_p()) { cb = block_caller; ctx = (void *)rb_block_proc(); } if (NIL_P(incl_ns)) { ns = NULL; } else { Check_Type(incl_ns, T_ARRAY); ns_len = RARRAY_LEN(incl_ns); ns = calloc((size_t)ns_len + 1, sizeof(xmlChar *)); for (i = 0 ; i < ns_len ; i++) { VALUE entry = rb_ary_entry(incl_ns, i); ns[i] = (xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(entry); } } xmlC14NExecute(doc, cb, ctx, (int)(NIL_P(mode) ? 0 : NUM2INT(mode)), ns, (int) RTEST(with_comments), buf); xmlOutputBufferClose(buf); return rb_funcall(io, rb_intern("string"), 0); }
Recursively get all namespaces from this node and its subtree and return them as a hash.
For example, given this document:
<root xmlns:foo="bar"> <bar xmlns:hello="world" /> </root>
This method will return:
{ 'xmlns:foo' => 'bar', 'xmlns:hello' => 'world' }
WARNING: this method will clobber duplicate names in the keys. For example, given this document:
<root xmlns:foo="bar"> <bar xmlns:foo="baz" /> </root>
The hash returned will look like this: { 'xmlns:foo' => 'bar' }
Non-prefixed default namespaces (as in “xmlns=”) are not included in the hash.
Note that this method does an xpath lookup for nodes with namespaces, and as a result the order may be dependent on the implementation of the underlying XML library.
# File lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb, line 232 def collect_namespaces xpath("//namespace::*").inject({}) do |hash, ns| hash[["xmlns",ns.prefix].compact.join(":")] = ns.href if ns.prefix != "xml" hash end end
Create a new Element
with name
sharing GC
lifecycle with the document, optionally setting contents or attributes.
Arguments may be passed to initialize the element:
-
a
Hash
argument will be used to set attributes -
a non-Hash object that responds to
#to_s
will be used to set the new node's contents
A block may be passed to mutate the node.
@param name [String] @param contents_or_attrs [#to_s,Hash] @yieldparam node [Nokogiri::XML::Element] @return [Nokogiri::XML::Element]
@example An empty element without attributes
doc.create_element("div") # => <div></div>
@example An element with contents
doc.create_element("div", "contents") # => <div>contents</div>
@example An element with attributes
doc.create_element("div", {"class" => "container"}) # => <div class='container'></div>
@example An element with contents and attributes
doc.create_element("div", "contents", {"class" => "container"}) # => <div class='container'>contents</div>
@example Passing a block to mutate the element
doc.create_element("div") { |node| node["class"] = "blue" if before_noon? }
# File lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb, line 153 def create_element(name, *contents_or_attrs, &block) elm = Nokogiri::XML::Element.new(name, self, &block) contents_or_attrs.each do |arg| case arg when Hash arg.each do |k, v| key = k.to_s if key =~ NCNAME_RE ns_name = Regexp.last_match(1) elm.add_namespace_definition(ns_name, v) else elm[k.to_s] = v.to_s end end else elm.content = arg end end if ns = elm.namespace_definitions.find { |n| n.prefix.nil? || (n.prefix == '') } elm.namespace = ns end elm end
Create a new entity named name
.
type
is an integer representing the type of entity to be
created, and it defaults to Nokogiri::XML::EntityDecl::INTERNAL_GENERAL.
See the constants on Nokogiri::XML::EntityDecl for more information.
external_id
, system_id
, and content
set the External ID, System ID, and content respectively. All of these
parameters are optional.
static VALUE create_entity(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self) { VALUE name; VALUE type; VALUE external_id; VALUE system_id; VALUE content; xmlEntityPtr ptr; xmlDocPtr doc ; Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDoc, doc); rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "14", &name, &type, &external_id, &system_id, &content); xmlResetLastError(); ptr = xmlAddDocEntity( doc, (xmlChar *)(NIL_P(name) ? NULL : StringValueCStr(name)), (int)(NIL_P(type) ? XML_INTERNAL_GENERAL_ENTITY : NUM2INT(type)), (xmlChar *)(NIL_P(external_id) ? NULL : StringValueCStr(external_id)), (xmlChar *)(NIL_P(system_id) ? NULL : StringValueCStr(system_id)), (xmlChar *)(NIL_P(content) ? NULL : StringValueCStr(content)) ); if (NULL == ptr) { xmlErrorPtr error = xmlGetLastError(); if (error) { rb_exc_raise(Nokogiri_wrap_xml_syntax_error(error)); } else { rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Could not create entity"); } return Qnil; } return noko_xml_node_wrap(cNokogiriXmlEntityDecl, (xmlNodePtr)ptr); }
Apply any decorators to node
# File lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb, line 280 def decorate node return unless @decorators @decorators.each { |klass,list| next unless node.is_a?(klass) list.each { |moodule| node.extend(moodule) } } end
Get the list of decorators given key
# File lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb, line 240 def decorators key @decorators ||= Hash.new @decorators[key] ||= [] end
A reference to self
# File lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb, line 198 def document self end
Copy this Document. An optional depth may be passed in, but it defaults to a deep copy. 0 is a shallow copy, 1 is a deep copy.
static VALUE duplicate_document(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self) { xmlDocPtr doc, dup; VALUE copy; VALUE level; if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &level) == 0) { level = INT2NUM((long)1); } Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDoc, doc); dup = xmlCopyDoc(doc, (int)NUM2INT(level)); if (dup == NULL) { return Qnil; } dup->type = doc->type; copy = noko_xml_document_wrap(rb_obj_class(self), dup); rb_iv_set(copy, "@errors", rb_iv_get(self, "@errors")); return copy ; }
Get the encoding for this Document
static VALUE encoding(VALUE self) { xmlDocPtr doc; Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDoc, doc); if (!doc->encoding) { return Qnil; } return NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(doc->encoding); }
Set the encoding string for this Document
static VALUE set_encoding(VALUE self, VALUE encoding) { xmlDocPtr doc; Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDoc, doc); if (doc->encoding) { free((char *)(uintptr_t) doc->encoding); /* avoid gcc cast warning */ } doc->encoding = xmlStrdup((xmlChar *)StringValueCStr(encoding)); return encoding; }
Create a Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment from
tags
Returns an empty fragment if tags
is nil.
# File lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb, line 299 def fragment tags = nil DocumentFragment.new(self, tags, self.root) end
The name of this document. Always returns “document”
# File lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb, line 193 def name 'document' end
Get the hash of namespaces on the root Nokogiri::XML::Node
# File lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb, line 292 def namespaces root ? root.namespaces : {} end
Remove all namespaces from all nodes in the document.
This could be useful for developers who either don't understand namespaces or don't care about them.
The following example shows a use case, and you can decide for yourself whether this is a good thing or not:
doc = Nokogiri::XML <<-EOXML <root> <car xmlns:part="http://general-motors.com/"> <part:tire>Michelin Model XGV</part:tire> </car> <bicycle xmlns:part="http://schwinn.com/"> <part:tire>I'm a bicycle tire!</part:tire> </bicycle> </root> EOXML doc.xpath("//tire").to_s # => "" doc.xpath("//part:tire", "part" => "http://general-motors.com/").to_s # => "<part:tire>Michelin Model XGV</part:tire>" doc.xpath("//part:tire", "part" => "http://schwinn.com/").to_s # => "<part:tire>I'm a bicycle tire!</part:tire>" doc.remove_namespaces! doc.xpath("//tire").to_s # => "<tire>Michelin Model XGV</tire><tire>I'm a bicycle tire!</tire>" doc.xpath("//part:tire", "part" => "http://general-motors.com/").to_s # => "" doc.xpath("//part:tire", "part" => "http://schwinn.com/").to_s # => ""
For more information on why this probably is not a good thing in general, please direct your browser to tenderlovemaking.com/2009/04/23/namespaces-in-xml.html
static VALUE remove_namespaces_bang(VALUE self) { xmlDocPtr doc ; Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDoc, doc); recursively_remove_namespaces_from_node((xmlNodePtr)doc); return self; }
Get the root node for this document.
static VALUE rb_xml_document_root(VALUE self) { xmlDocPtr c_document; xmlNodePtr c_root; Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDoc, c_document); c_root = xmlDocGetRootElement(c_document); if (!c_root) { return Qnil; } return noko_xml_node_wrap(Qnil, c_root) ; }
Set the root element on this document
static VALUE rb_xml_document_root_set(VALUE self, VALUE rb_new_root) { xmlDocPtr c_document; xmlNodePtr c_new_root = NULL, c_current_root; Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDoc, c_document); c_current_root = xmlDocGetRootElement(c_document); if (c_current_root) { xmlUnlinkNode(c_current_root); noko_xml_document_pin_node(c_current_root); } if (!NIL_P(rb_new_root)) { if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(rb_new_root, cNokogiriXmlNode)) { rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "expected Nokogiri::XML::Node but received %"PRIsVALUE, rb_obj_class(rb_new_root)); } Data_Get_Struct(rb_new_root, xmlNode, c_new_root); /* If the new root's document is not the same as the current document, * then we need to dup the node in to this document. */ if (c_new_root->doc != c_document) { c_new_root = xmlDocCopyNode(c_new_root, c_document, 1); if (!c_new_root) { rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Could not reparent node (xmlDocCopyNode)"); } } } xmlDocSetRootElement(c_document, c_new_root); return rb_new_root; }
Explore a document with shortcut methods. See Nokogiri::Slop for details.
Note that any nodes that have been instantiated before slop! is called will not be decorated with sloppy behavior. So, if you're in irb, the preferred idiom is:
irb> doc = Nokogiri::Slop my_markup
and not
irb> doc = Nokogiri::HTML my_markup ... followed by irb's implicit inspect (and therefore instantiation of every node) ... irb> doc.slop! ... which does absolutely nothing.
# File lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb, line 269 def slop! unless decorators(XML::Node).include? Nokogiri::Decorators::Slop decorators(XML::Node) << Nokogiri::Decorators::Slop decorate! end self end
Get the url name for this document.
static VALUE url(VALUE self) { xmlDocPtr doc; Data_Get_Struct(self, xmlDoc, doc); if (doc->URL) { return NOKOGIRI_STR_NEW2(doc->URL); } return Qnil; }
Private Instance Methods
# File lib/nokogiri/xml/document.rb, line 329 def inspect_attributes [:name, :children] end